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Olmesartan-induced enteropathy: an unusual cause of villous atrophy

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We report a case of a 63-year-old-man presenting with chronic diarrhea and weight loss while on olmesartan treatment for hypertension. Investigation showed multiple nutritional deficiencies associated with diffuse intestinal villous atrophy. Serologies for celiac disease were negative and other causes of villous atrophy were excluded. Olmesartan as a precipitant agent was suspected and withdrawn. Clinical improvement occurred in days with no need for other therapeutic measures. Follow-up at three months showed clinical remission and almost complete recovery of intestinal atrophy. Olmesartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker commonly prescribed for the management of hypertension. Spruelike enteropathy associated with this drug is a recently described entity with few cases reported. It presents with chronic diarrhea and intestinal villous atrophy and should be included in its differential diagnosis. This case intends to alert clinicians for the possibility of this event in a patient on treatment with this drug.
Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 63 anos com diarreia crĂłnica e perda ponderal. Apresentava hipertensĂŁo arterial tratada com olmesartan. A investigacžão complementar mostrou mĂșltiplos dĂ©fices nutricionais associados a atrofia vilositĂĄria intestinal difusa. As serologias de doença celĂ­aca foram negativas e outras causas de atrofia vilositĂĄria foram excluĂ­das. Suspeitou-se do olmesartan como agente precipitante, sendo este suspenso. Observou-se melhoria clĂ­nica em dias, sem necessidade de outras medidas terapĂȘuticas. No seguimento, aos 3 meses, constatou-se remissĂŁo clĂ­nica e recuperação quase completa da atrofia intestinal. O olmesartan Ă© um bloqueador dos recetores da angiotensina, geralmente prescrito no tratamento da hipertensĂŁo. A enteropatia ‘‘spruelike’’ associada a este fĂĄrmaco Ă© uma entidade recentemente descrita, com poucos casos reportados. Manifesta-se por diarreia crĂłnica associada a atrofia vilositĂĄria intestinal, devendo ser incluĂ­da no seu diagnĂłstico diferencial. Com este caso pretende-se alertar os clĂ­nicos para a possibilidade deste evento em doentes sob tratamento com este fĂĄrmaco.

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Atrophy Gastrointestinal diseases Angiotensin II receptor antagonist/adverse effects Atrofia Doenças gastrointestinais

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