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Evaluation of superworm (Zophobas morio) larvae meal as a fish meal substitute in juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) diets
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Resumo(s)
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of superworm (Zophobas morio) larvae meal (SWM) on growth performance, hematological parameters, blood biochemical parameters, proteolytic enzyme activity, and body composition in juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus). A total of 120 juvenile fish (initial body weight: 28.08 ± 0.13 g) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in triplicate groups. Experimental diets were formulated to replace 0% (control), 10% (SWM10), 20% (SWM20), and 30% (SWM30) of fish meal with SWM, maintaining isonitrogenous (45.27% protein) and isoenergetic (19.50 MJ/kg) profiles. Fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation three times daily over an 8-week period. Growth performance data indicated that up to 10% SWM inclusion did not significantly affect final weight, weight gain, or condition factor compared to the control (p > 0.05). However, 20% and 30% inclusion levels resulted in significantly reduced growth performance (p < 0.05). Hematological analysis showed that WBC counts were significantly higher in all SWM-fed groups (16.2–19.3 ×10 ³/mm³) compared to the control (13.9 ×10 ³/mm³), with neutrophil percentages also elevated (16.3–17.2% vs. 13.7% in the control) (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, or MCHC (p > 0.05). Biochemical results showed that triglyceride levels were significantly elevated in the SWM30 group (p < 0.05), while cholesterol levels were significantly lower compared to the control (p < 0.05). Serum glucose level remained unaffected across treatments (p > 0.05). Proteolytic enzyme analysis indicated a significant reduction in trypsin activity in fish fed the SWM30 diet (p < 0.05). Whole-body composition analysis revealed that increasing SWM inclusion significantly decreased carcass protein, moisture, and ash contents, while lipid content increased, with the highest fat level observed in the SWM30 group (p < 0.05). Overall, the findings suggest that superworm larvae meals can be included in the diet of juvenile stellate sturgeon at levels up to 10% fishmeal replacement without adverse effects on growth, hematological parameters, blood biochemistry, or proteolytic enzyme activity.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Superworm larvae meal Fishmeal replacement Growth performance Hematological parameters Proteolytic enzyme activity
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Elsevier BV