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Fortnightly variability of the lateral structure of residual flows along non-rotating estuaries

2025-11Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorKhosravi, Maziar
dc.contributor.authorFortunato, A. B.
dc.contributor.authorLopez-Ruiz, A.
dc.contributor.authorValle-Levinson, A.
dc.contributor.authorGarel, Erwan
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-04T14:00:27Z
dc.date.available2025-11-04T14:00:27Z
dc.date.issued2025-11
dc.description.abstractResidual circulation in estuaries plays a crucial role in controlling salt intrusion, material transport, and ecosystem functioning, making its understanding essential for coastal management worldwide. Despite its importance, the mechanisms driving the transverse structure of residual flows remain insufficiently explored, particularly in relation to the fortnightly tidal variability. This study shows how the main driver of residual flow may switch from baroclinic dominance at neap tide to barotropic dominance at spring tide. Three-dimensional, process-oriented numerical simulations are carried out in an idealized, non-rotating, estuary–shelf system, represented by an 80 km-long semi-closed channel with a 1 km-wide Gaussian-shaped cross-section. This setting is inspired by the Guadiana Estuary (Portugal/Spain), where previous observations have reported a switch of the residual circulation between spring tide and neap tide. To mimic such fortnightly pattern, the model is forced by freshwater inflow at the head and M2 and S2 tidal harmonics at the ocean boundary. Harmonic amplitudes were selected based on a sensitivity analysis. The along channel and temporal variability of the lateral structure of axial residual flows is represented using a non-dimensional parameter derived from the residual inflow that may develop in the deep channel. The simulation results show residual flow transverse structures consistent with theoretical expectations for a baroclinic driver in neap tides and a barotropic driver in spring tides, as confirmed by analyses of the residual momentum equation terms. In these cases, the near-bottom residual flow in the channel is relatively strong and its direction indicates the dominant driver. The study also reveals a previously undocumented transverse structure described by inflows near the channel bed and over the shoals. This structure develops in relation to the Stokes drift when baroclinic and barotropic forcings are relatively balanced across a section.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipPTDC/CTA-OHR/4268/2021
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109562
dc.identifier.issn0272-7714
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27874
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
dc.relationCentre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA)
dc.relation.ispartofEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
dc.rights.uriN/A
dc.subjectEstuarine hydrodynamics
dc.subject3D numerical model
dc.subjectGuadiana estuary
dc.titleFortnightly variability of the lateral structure of residual flows along non-rotating estuarieseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA)
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0069%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00350%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.startPage109562
oaire.citation.titleEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
oaire.citation.volume326
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameKhosravi
person.familyNameGarel
person.givenNameMaziar
person.givenNameErwan
person.identifier.ciencia-id5D13-7EA7-6C6D
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4189-6312
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4584-9759
person.identifier.ridN-9811-2014
person.identifier.scopus-author-id23491739700
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication7e619cba-3bfb-4964-bdf3-b8afd91a4a29
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2aa5e74a-8a70-4f11-a079-4784183bc982
relation.isProjectOfPublication5af011f9-3888-449a-a18c-d08b59e87091
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