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ESG variations across banking loan types: evidence from european listed banks

datacite.subject.sdg08:Trabalho Digno e Crescimento Económico
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorFrancisco, Paulo Morais
dc.contributor.authorCouto, Eduardo
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-06T18:38:13Z
dc.date.available2026-07-06T18:38:13Z
dc.date.issued2026-06-22
dc.description.abstractBuilding on social‐capital theory and transaction‐cost theory, we examine whether European banks' rated ESG performance varies systematically with the composition of their loan portfolios. Merging Refinitiv ESG scores with Orbis Bank Focus loan‐ book data for 51 EU‐listed banks over 2005–2022, we estimate pooled OLS, random‐effects, fixed‐effects, lagged‐variable, and dynamic System‐GMM specifications. The evidence points to one robust regularity and two more qualified patterns. First, banks with higher mortgage‐loan shares tend to have lower ESG ratings: a one‐standard‐deviation increase in mortgage intensity is associated with an approximately three‐point lower composite ESG score and up to five points lower environmental pillar score, and the negative mortgage association remains visible in the dynamic System‐GMM models. Second, consumer‐loan intensity is positively associated with ESG ratings in random‐effects, fixed‐effects, and lagged fixed‐effects specifications, particularly for the environmental and social pillars, but this association is not statistically significant in the dynamic System‐GMM models. Third, corporate‐loan exposure shows no stable relationship with overall ESG ratings. We interpret these patterns as consistent with a trust‐intensity mechanism: ESG commitments and lending technologies appear to align differently across collateral‐rich, standardised lending and softer‐information retail activities.eng
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/ecno.70024
dc.identifier.eissn1468-0300
dc.identifier.issn0391-5026
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/29225
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relationCenter for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics
dc.relation.ispartofEconomic Notes
dc.rights.uriN/A
dc.subjectBanking
dc.subjectESG scores
dc.subjectLoan types
dc.subjectSocial capital
dc.subjectTrust
dc.titleESG variations across banking loan types: evidence from european listed bankseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/04007/2020
oaire.awardTitleCenter for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04007%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.startPagee70024
oaire.citation.titleEconomic Notes
oaire.citation.volume55
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameFrancisco
person.givenNamePaulo Morais
person.identifier.ciencia-idCD18-B229-B04B
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6632-3097
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56478668900
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1765bde5-8c14-4c7d-9ce9-5bc93887aeff
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery1765bde5-8c14-4c7d-9ce9-5bc93887aeff
relation.isProjectOfPublication2fa5dcac-9207-4f5b-b4be-54fcf7dcdd7d
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2fa5dcac-9207-4f5b-b4be-54fcf7dcdd7d

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