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Tracing the origins of the Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP)

2020Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorCardoso, João CR
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, Manuel G.
dc.contributor.authorPower, Deborah
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-25T10:44:12Z
dc.date.available2020-06-25T10:44:12Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractPituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a well-conserved neuropeptide characteristic of vertebrates. This pluripotent hypothalamic neuropeptide regulates neurotransmitter release, intestinal motility, metabolism, cell division/differentiation, and immunity. In vertebrates, PACAP has a specific receptor (PAC1) but it can also activate the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide receptors (VPAC1 and VPAC2). The evolution of the vertebrate PACAP ligand - receptor pair has been well-described. In contrast, the situation in invertebrates is much less clear. The PACAP ligand - receptor pair in invertebrates has mainly been studied using heterologous antibodies raised against mammalian peptides. A few partial PACAP cDNA clones sharing >87% aa identity with vertebrate PACAP have been isolated from a cnidarian, several protostomes and tunicates but no gene has been reported. Moreover, current evolutionary models of the peptide and receptors using molecular data from phylogenetically distinct invertebrate species (mostly nematodes and arthropods) suggests the PACAP ligand and receptors are exclusive to vertebrate genomes. A basal deuterostome, the cephalochordate amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae), is the only invertebrate in which elements of a PACAP-like system exists but the peptides and receptor share relatively low sequence conservation with the vertebrate homolog system and are a hybrid with the vertebrate glucagon system. In this study, the evolution of the PACAP system is revisited taking advantage of the burgeoning sequence data (genome and transcriptomes) available for invertebrates to uncover clues about when it first appeared. The results suggest that elements of the PACAP system are absent from protozoans, non-bilaterians, and protostomes and they only emerged after the protostome-deuterostome divergence. PACAP and its receptors appeared in vertebrate genomes and they probably shared a common ancestral origin with the cephalochordate PACAP/GCG-like system which after the genome tetraploidization events that preceded the vertebrate radiation generated the PACAP ligand and receptor pair and also the other members of the Secretin family peptides and their receptors.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipFCT: UIDB/04326/2020; CRESC Algarve 2020 and COMPETE 2020: EMBRC.PT ALG-01-0145-FEDER-022121pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnins.2020.00366pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1662-4548
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/14051
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediapt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectDeuterostomespt_PT
dc.subjectNeuropeptidept_PT
dc.subjectReceptorpt_PT
dc.subjectEarly metazoanpt_PT
dc.subjectEvolutionpt_PT
dc.subjectProtostomespt_PT
dc.titleTracing the origins of the Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP)pt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.startPage366pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Neurosciencept_PT
oaire.citation.volume14pt_PT
person.familyNameCardoso
person.familyNamePower
person.givenNameJoão
person.givenNameDeborah Mary
person.identifier14332
person.identifier.ciencia-id8B16-F203-2AFC
person.identifier.ciencia-id891A-8A44-3CAE
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7890-0170
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1366-0246
person.identifier.ridM-4151-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7201822956
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7101806760
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1b670c84-15e3-4776-8871-50f9eb0eed0d
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationc68f5ffb-63f6-4c70-8957-29e464fb59c0
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc68f5ffb-63f6-4c70-8957-29e464fb59c0

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