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Early oldowan technology thrived during pliocene environmental change in the Turkana Basin, Kenya.

2025-11-04Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorBraun, David R.
dc.contributor.authorPalcu Rolier, Dan V.
dc.contributor.authorAdvokaat, Eldert L.
dc.contributor.authorArcher, Will
dc.contributor.authorBaraki, Niguss G.
dc.contributor.authorBiernat, Maryse D.
dc.contributor.authorBeaudoin, Ella
dc.contributor.authorBehrensmeyer, Anna K.
dc.contributor.authorBobe, René
dc.contributor.authorElmes, Katherine
dc.contributor.authorForrest, Frances
dc.contributor.authorHammond, Ashley S.
dc.contributor.authorJovane, Luigi
dc.contributor.authorKinyanjui, Rahab N.
dc.contributor.authorde Martini, Ana P.
dc.contributor.authorMason, Paul R D.
dc.contributor.authorMcGrosky, Amanda
dc.contributor.authorMunga, Joanne
dc.contributor.authorNdiema, Emmanuel K.
dc.contributor.authorPatterson, David B.
dc.contributor.authorReeves, Jonathan S.
dc.contributor.authorRoman, Diana C.
dc.contributor.authorSier, Mark J.
dc.contributor.authorSrivastava, Priyeshu
dc.contributor.authorTuosto, Kristen
dc.contributor.authorUno, Kevin T.
dc.contributor.authorVillaseñor, Amelia
dc.contributor.authorWynn, Jonathan G.
dc.contributor.authorHarris, John W. K.
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Susana
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-18T09:57:11Z
dc.date.available2025-12-18T09:57:11Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-04
dc.description.abstractApproximately 2.75 million years ago, the Turkana Basin in Kenya experienced environmental changes, including increased aridity and environmental variability. Namorotukunan is a newly discovered archaeological site which provides a window into hominin behavioral adaptations. This site lies within the upper Tulu Bor and lower Burgi members of the Koobi Fora Formation (Marsabit District, Kenya), presently a poorly understood time interval due to large-scale erosional events. Moreover, this locale represents the earliest known evidence of Oldowan technology within the Koobi Fora Formation. Oldowan sites, older than 2.6 million years ago, are rare, and these typically represent insights from narrow windows of time. In contrast, Namorotukunan provides evidence of tool-making behaviors spanning hundreds of thousands of years, offering a unique temporal perspective on technological stability. The site comprises three distinct archaeological horizons spanning approximately 300,000 years (2.75 − 2.44 Ma). Our findings suggest continuity in tool-making practices over time, with evidence of systematic selection of rock types. Geological descriptions and chronological data, provide robust age control and contextualize the archaeological finds. We employ multiple paleoenvironmental proxies, to reconstruct past ecological conditions. Our study highlights the interplay between environmental shifts and technological innovations, shedding light on pivotal factors in the trajectory of human evolution.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipNSF REU 1852441; NSF 1358178; NSF 1624398
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41467-025-64244-x
dc.identifier.other41188262
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27981
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.titleEarly oldowan technology thrived during pliocene environmental change in the Turkana Basin, Kenya.eng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.startPage9401
oaire.citation.titleNature Communications
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameBobe
person.familyNameReeves
person.familyNameCarvalho
person.givenNameRené
person.givenNameJonathan S.
person.givenNameSusana
person.identifier356037
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9059-2203
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2017-0539
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1300-1953
person.identifier.ridF-3872-2016
relation.isAuthorOfPublication61cfc780-975d-4eee-a87c-e69118aa5bb1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication39603ab0-a0e7-45ef-8028-ede99575c431
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationdf445e58-ed96-4e28-9be9-f8515e41f5c0
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery61cfc780-975d-4eee-a87c-e69118aa5bb1

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