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Forma cultural: construindo o conceito a partir do campo literário*

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O campo literário é uma forma cultural, um sistema de práticas individualizado, caracterizável pelos seus atributos e pela estrutura que assume. Nele, os actores formulam discursos sobre as suas práticas, daí emergindo tanto um conjunto de normas que regulam as práticas como uma estrutura. Estrutura, normas e acção dos praticantes concorrem para dar a forma à forma. A partir dos diferentes entendimentos do que pertence (ou não) ao domínio do literário e de algumas (r)evoluções no campo, o presente artigo define os elementos duma forma cultural e dá conta da sua dinâmica que, ao longo do tempo, explica que algumas regras sejam reformuladas, surjam novos portadores e se observem determinadas reestruturações sem que a forma cultural deixe de existir enquanto tal.
The literary field is a cultural form, an individualized system of practices, characterized by its attributes and the structure that it assumes. Inside the form, the actors formulate discourses about their practices, from which emerge both a set of rules that regulate practices and a structure. Structure, norm, and practitioners compete to give shape to the form. From the different understandings of what belongs (or not) to the literary domain and some (r)evolutions in the field, this article defines the elements of a cultural form and gives an account of its dynamics that, throughout time, explains the fact that some rules may be reformulated and new bearers to be introduced, with the cultural form undergoing some restructuration without its
Le champ littéraire est une forme culturelle, un système de pratiques individualisées, caractérisé par ses attributs et la structure qu’il assume. Les acteurs y formulent des discours sur leurs pratiques, d’où émergent à la fois un ensemble de normes régulant les pratiques en tant que structure. La structure, les normes et l’action des pratiquants rivalisent pour donner forme à la forme. À partir des différentes compréhensions de ce qui appartient (ou non) au domaine littéraire et de certaines (r)évolutions dans le domaine, cet article définit les éléments d’une forme culturelle et rend compte de sa dynamique qui, au fil du temps, explique que certaines règles sont reformulées, de nouveaux porteurs apparaissent et certaines restructurations s’observent sans que la forme culturelle ne cesse d’exister en tant que telle.

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Losing identity Cultural dynamic Literary domain Norms Regulation of cultural practices Structures

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Centro de Estudos Sociais, Fac. Economia, Univ. Coimbra

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