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CO2 and nutrient-driven changes across multiple levels of organization in zostera noltii ecosystems

2014Journal article Open Access
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dc.contributor.authorMartínez-Crego, Begoña
dc.contributor.authorOlivé, Irene
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Rui
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-07T14:58:27Z
dc.date.available2018-12-07T14:58:27Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractIncreasing evidence emphasizes that the effects of human impacts on ecosystems must be investigated using designs that incorporate the responses across levels of biological organization as well as the effects of multiple stressors. Here we implemented a mesocosm experiment to investigate how the individual and interactive effects of CO2 enrichment and eutrophication scale-up from changes in primary producers at the individual (biochemistry) or population level (production, reproduction, and/ or abundance) to higher levels of community (macroalgae abundance, herbivory, and global metabolism), and ecosystem organization (detritus release and carbon sink capacity). The responses of Zostera noltii seagrass meadows growing in low-and high-nutrient field conditions were compared. In both meadows, the expected CO2 benefits on Z. noltii leaf production were suppressed by epiphyte overgrowth, with no direct CO2 effect on plant biochemistry or population-level traits. Multi-level meadow response to nutrients was faster and stronger than to CO2. Nutrient enrichment promoted the nutritional quality of Z. noltii (high N, low C : N and phenolics), the growth of epiphytic pennate diatoms and purple bacteria, and shoot mortality. In the low-nutrient meadow, individual effects of CO2 and nutrients separately resulted in reduced carbon storage in the sediment, probably due to enhanced microbial degradation of more labile organic matter. These changes, however, had no effect on herbivory or on community metabolism. Interestingly, individual effects of CO2 or nutrient addition on epiphytes, shoot mortality, and carbon storage were attenuated when nutrients and CO2 acted simultaneously. This suggests CO2-induced benefits on eutrophic meadows. In the high-nutrient meadow, a striking shoot decline caused by amphipod overgrazing masked the response to CO2 and nutrient additions. Our results reveal that under future scenarios of CO2, the responses of seagrass ecosystems will be complex and context-dependent, being mediated by epiphyte overgrowth rather than by direct effects on plant biochemistry. Overall, we found that the responses of seagrass meadows to individual and interactive effects of CO2 and nutrient enrichment varied depending on interactions among species and connections between organization levels.
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE; Portuguese funds through the FCT project [PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011];
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/bg-11-7237-2014
dc.identifier.issn1726-4170
dc.identifier.issn1726-4189
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/12030
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherCopernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
dc.relationOCEAN ACIDIFICATION EFFECTS ON SEAGRASS PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPlant-herbivore interactions
dc.subjectSeagrass posidonia-oceanica
dc.subjectCymadusa-filosa savigny
dc.subjectElevated carbon-dioxide
dc.subjectClimate-change
dc.subjectThalassia-testudinum
dc.subjectMarine organisms
dc.subjectAcidification
dc.subjectEnrichment
dc.subjectImpacts
dc.titleCO2 and nutrient-driven changes across multiple levels of organization in zostera noltii ecosystems
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleOCEAN ACIDIFICATION EFFECTS ON SEAGRASS PRODUCTIVITY
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/SFRH/SFRH%2FBPD%2F75307%2F2010/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBPD%2F71129%2F2010/PT
oaire.citation.endPage7249
oaire.citation.issue24
oaire.citation.startPage7237
oaire.citation.titleBiogeosciences
oaire.citation.volume11
oaire.fundingStreamSFRH
person.familyNameMartínez-Crego
person.familyNameOlivé
person.familyNameSantos
person.givenNameBegoña
person.givenNameIrene
person.givenNameRui
person.identifier42560
person.identifier.ciencia-idEC1A-1DB1-B619
person.identifier.ciencia-id9B18-444D-2244
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9051-6961
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4865-923X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7861-4366
person.identifier.ridJ-4090-2013
person.identifier.ridJ-3922-2013
person.identifier.ridB-4168-2008
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16304833800
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16242114500
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7201375018
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccess
rcaap.typearticle
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