Percorrer por autor "Hilário, Ana"
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- A blueprint for an inclusive, global deep-sea ocean decade field programPublication . Howell, Kerry L.; Hilário, Ana; Allcock, A. Louise; Bailey, David M.; Baker, Maria; Clark, Malcolm R.; Colaço, Ana; Copley, Jon; Cordes, Erik E.; Danovaro, Roberto; Dissanayake, Awantha; Escobar, Elva; Esquete, Patricia; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gates, Andrew R.; Gaudron, Sylvie M.; German, Christopher R.; Gjerde, Kristina M.; Higgs, Nicholas D.; Le Bris, Nadine; Levin, Lisa A.; Manea, Elisabetta; McClain, Craig; Menot, Lenaick; Mestre, Nélia; Metaxas, Anna; Milligan, Rosanna J.; Muthumbi, Agnes W. N.; Narayanaswamy, Bhavani E.; Ramalho, Sofia P.; Ramirez-Llodra, Eva; Robson, Laura M.; Rogers, Alex D.; Sellanes, Javier; Sigwart, Julia D.; Sink, Kerry; Snelgrove, Paul V. R.; Stefanoudis, Paris V.; Sumida, Paulo Y.; Taylor, Michelle L.; Thurber, Andrew R.; Vieira, Rui P.; Watanabe, Hiromi K.; Woodall, Lucy C.; Xavier, Joana R.The ocean plays a crucial role in the functioning of the Earth System and in the provision of vital goods and services. The United Nations (UN) declared 2021-2030 as the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. The Roadmap for the Ocean Decade aims to achieve six critical societal outcomes (SOs) by 2030, through the pursuit of four objectives (Os). It specifically recognizes the scarcity of biological data for deep-sea biomes, and challenges the global scientific community to conduct research to advance understanding of deep-sea ecosystems to inform sustainable management. In this paper, we map four key scientific questions identified by the academic community to the Ocean Decade SOs: (i) What is the diversity of life in the deep ocean? (ii) How are populations and habitats connected? (iii) What is the role of living organisms in ecosystem function and service provision? and (iv) How do species, communities, and ecosystems respond to disturbance? We then consider the design of a global-scale program to address these questions by reviewing key drivers of ecological pattern and process. We recommend using the following criteria to stratify a global survey design: biogeographic region, depth, horizontal distance, substrate type, high and low climate hazard, fished/unfished, near/far from sources of pollution, licensed/protected from industry activities. We consider both spatial and temporal surveys, and emphasize new biological data collection that prioritizes southern and polar latitudes, deeper (> 2000 m) depths, and midwater environments. We provide guidance on observational, experimental, and monitoring needs for different benthic and pelagic ecosystems. We then review recent efforts to standardize biological data and specimen collection and archiving, making "sampling design to knowledge application" recommendations in the context of a new global program. We also review and comment on needs, and recommend actions, to develop capacity in deep-sea research; and the role of inclusivity - from accessing indigenous and local knowledge to the sharing of technologies - as part of such a global program. We discuss the concept of a new global deep-sea biological research program 'Challenger 150,' highlighting what it could deliver for the Ocean Decade and UN Sustainable Development Goal 14.
- Deep-sea ecosystems of the North Atlantic Ocean: discovery, status, function and future challengesPublication . Allcock, A. Louise; Amon, Diva J.; Bridges, Amelia E. H.; Colaço, Ana; Escobar-Briones, Elva; Hilário, Ana; Howell, Kerry L.; Mestre, Nélia; Muller-Karger, Frank E.; Priede, Imants G.; Snelgrove, Paul V. R.; Sealey, Kathleen Sullivan; Xavier, Joana R.; Addamo, Anna M.; Amaro, Teresa; Bandara, Gayathra; Bax, Narissa; Braga-Henriques, Andreia; Brandt, Angelika; Brix, Saskia; Cambronero-Solano, Sergio; Cedeño – Posso, Cristina; Copley, Jonathan T.; Cordes, Erik; Cortés, Jorge; Croquer, Aldo; Cuvelier, Daphne; Davies, Jaime S.; Durden, Jennifer M.; Esquete, Patricia; Foster, Nicola L.; Frutos, Inmaculada; Gasbarro, Ryan; Gates, Andrew R.; Gomes, Marta; Goodwin, Lucy V. M.; Horton, Tammy; Hourigan, Thomas; Hoving, Henk-Jan; Jones, Daniel O. B.; Joshi, Siddhi; Kingon, Kelly C.; Lörz, Anne-Nina; Martins, Ana; Merten, Véronique; Metaxas, Anna; Milligan, Rosanna J.; Molodtsova, Tina N.; Morato, Telmo; Morrissey, Declan; Naranjo-Elizondo, Beatriz; Narayanaswamy, Bhavani E.; Olafsdottir, Steinunn H.; Parimbelli, Alexa; Peña, Marian; Piechaud, Nils; Ragnarsson, Stefan; Ramalho, Sofia P.; Rodrigues, Clara F.; Ross, Rebecca E.; Saeedi, Hanieh; Santos, Régis; Schwing, Patrick T.; Serpa, Tiago; Shantharam, Arvind K.; Stevenson, Angela; Yánez-Suárez, Ana Belén; Sutton, Tracey T.; Svavarsson, Jörundur; Taylor, Michelle L.; Grient, Jesse van der; Zwerschke, NadeschaThe North Atlantic is an ocean basin with a diversity of deep-sea ecosystems. Here we provide a summary of the topography and oceanography of the North Atlantic including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, provide a brief overview of the history of scientific research therein, and review the current status of knowledge of each of 18 pelagic and benthic deep-sea ecosystems, with a particular focus on knowledge gaps. We analyse biodiversity data records across the North Atlantic and highlight spatial data gaps that could provide important foci for future expeditions. We note particular data gaps in EEZs of nations within and bordering the Caribbean Sea. Our data provide a baseline against which progress can be tracked into the future. We review human impacts caused by fishing, shipping, mineral extraction, introduction of substances, and climate change, and provide an overview of international, regional and national measures to protect ecosystems. We recommend that scientific research in the deep sea should focus on increasing knowledge of the distribution and the connectivity of key species and habitats, and increasing our understanding of the processes leading to the delivery of ecosystem services. These three pillars - distribution, connectivity, ecosystem function - will provide the knowledge required to implement conservation and management measures to ensure that any deep-sea development in the future is sustainable. Infrastructure and capacity are unevenly distributed and implementation of strategies that will lead to more equitable deep-sea science is required to ensure that essential science can be delivered.
- Dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita: a perceção dos professores de 1.º ciclo da região do AlgarvePublication . Baptista, Ana Catarina; Rodrigues, Susana; Hilário, Ana; Silva, Andreia; Leal, VerónicaA leitura e a escrita são consideradas ferramentas básicas e cruciais para a aprendizagem escolar. Os professores devem ter conhecimento das componentes da leitura, da estrutura da linguagem, das dificuldades de aprendizagem e de práticas efetivas de avaliação e de intervenção pedagógicas de crianças em risco de insucesso escolar. Com este estudo pretende-se conhecer a perceção dos professores do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB) da região do Algarve sobre as crianças com dificuldades de leitura e escrita. Foi construído um questionário difundido via correio eletrónico aos professores do 1º CEB da região do Algarve, tendo-se obtido 46 respostas. Apenas 13% dos professores que responderam a este estudo, refere que tem formação específica na área das dificuldades de leitura e escrita. É também referido o 2º ano de escolaridade como aquele que se verifica mais insucesso escolar, o qual os professores associam às dificuldades de aprendizagem de leitura e escrita.
- Environmental representativity in marine protected area networks over large and partly unexplored seascapesPublication . Stratoudakis, Yorgos; Hilário, Ana; Ribeiro, Cláudia; Abecasis, David; Gonçalves, Emanuel J.; Andrade, Francisco; Carreira, Gilberto P.; Gonçalves, Jorge Manuel Santos; Freitas, Luis; Pinheiro, Luis Menezes; Batista, Marisa I.; Henriques, Miguel; Oliveira, Paulo B.; Oliveira, Paulo; Afonso, Pedro; Arriegas, Pedro Ivo; Henriques, SofiaConverting assemblages of marine protected areas (MPAs) into functional MPA networks requires political will, multidisciplinary information, coordinated action and time. We developed a new framework to assist planning environmental representativity in a network across the marine space of Portugal, responding to a political commitment to protect 14% of its area by 2020. An aggregate conservation value was estimated for each of the 27 habitats identified, from intertidal waters to the deep sea. This value was based on expert-judgment scoring for environmental properties and features relevant for conservation, chosen to reflect the strategic objectives of the network, thus providing an objective link between conservation commitments and habitat representativity in space. Additionally, habitats' vulnerability to existing anthropogenic pressures and sensitivity to climate change were also scored. The area coverage of each habitat in Portugal and within existing MPAs (regionally and nationally) was assigned to a scale of five orders of magnitude (from < 0.01% to >10%) to assess rarity and existing representation. Aggregate conservation value per habitat was negatively correlated with area coverage, positively correlated with vulnerability and was not correlated with sensitivity. The proposed framework offers a multi-dimensional support tool for MPA network development, in particular regarding the prioritization of new habitats to protect, when the goal is to achieve specific targets while ensuring representativity across large areas and complex habitat mosaics. It requires less information and computation effort in comparison to more quantitative approaches, while still providing an objective instrument to scrutinize progress on the implementation of politically set conservation targets.