Browsing by Author "Mello, Ramon Andrade de"
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- Are there, or shall we discover, biomarkers to guide PD-1 inhibition?Publication . Ascierto, Paolo A.; Mello, Ramon Andrade deDespite the recent success of PD-1/PD-L1-directed immunotherapy in a number of different malignancies, there are currently no effective biomarkers available to predict patient response to treatment. This question is particularly important because these immunotherapy agents are expensive and have significant toxicity profiles. Early data are emerging on biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression; however, it is clear that further studies are needed to identify alternative biomarkers and to improve understanding of the host immune system and tumor microenvironment. In a panel interview Paolo Ascierto and Ramon de Mello discuss this important clinical question.
- Current advances in targeted therapies for metastatic gastric cancer: improving patient carePublication . Aguiar, Pedro Nazareth Jr.; Muniz, Thiago Pimentel; Miranda, Raelson Rodrigues; Tadokoro, Hakaru; Forones, Nora Manoukian; Monteiro, Inês-de-Paula; Castelo-Branco, Pedro; Janjigian, Yelena Y.; Mello, Ramon Andrade deIn this article, we review the literature on the current advances in targeted therapies for metastatic gastric cancer aimed at improving patient care. We conclude that the key to guiding targeted therapy is individual biomarkers, which are not completely elucidated. HER2 overexpression is the only predictive biomarker currently in use. Furthermore, it is necessary to understand that gastric tumors are heterogeneous; therefore, is impossible to evaluate a novel biological compound without evaluating personal biomarkers. The selection of patients who are able to receive each treatment is paramount for improving advanced gastric cancer survival and reducing unnecessary costs.
- EGFR and EML4-ALK updated therapies in non-small cell lung cancer.Publication . Mello, Ramon Andrade de; Liu, Davi J J; Aguiar, Pedro N; Tadokoro, HakaruBACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer is the leading cancer-related cause of death.OBJECTIVE: We review the latest therapies for NSCLC with EGFR and ELM4-ALK mutations as well as the most relevant studies and promising patents.METHOD: A literature search of PubMed database was carried out to identify recent Clinical Trials using EGFR therapies and novel patents involving diagnosis and therapies on NSCLC. We conducted a search to find new therapy strategies, new biomarkers, and selected five patents we find relevant.RESULTS: Over the last few years, identification of cancer harboring epidermal growth factor receptor mutations (EGFR) or chromosomal rearrangements of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) led to new ways in classifying and treating NSCLC. On the other hand, acquired resistance are a constantly challenge in the management of patients with these mutations and new drugs options are in development to improve and amplify treatment strategies.CONCLUSIONS: Currently, EGFR TKIs (e.g.: erlotinib, gefitinib, osimertinib) and ALK inhibitors (crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib) provided a new face for advanced NSCLC outcomes. To understand the disease molecular profile is mandatory to define the best approach for each patient.
- TG4010 immunotherapy: a novel weapon against advanced non-small cell lung cancer?Publication . Mello, Ramon Andrade deOver 1.5 million new cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a highly aggressive disease, are registered worldwide every year (1). Until the 1980s, treatment generally yielded poor outcomes (2), and prognosis was only good for early stages of operable disease. However, advances in targeted molecular therapy since 2005 have brought new hope to patients with advanced NSCLC, especially those harboring the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in exons 18, 19 and 21 (3). As a result, the median overall survival (OS) of a small group of patients with advanced NSCLC increased from 10 to 18–36 months (2).