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- CRAF Phase 1, a framework to identify coastal hotspots to storm impactsPublication . Ferreira, Óscar; Viavattene, Christophe; Jimenez, Jose; Bole, Annelies; Plomaritis, Theocharis; Costas, Susana; Smets, StevenLow-frequency high-impact storms can cause flood and erosion over large coastal areas, which in turn can lead to a significant risk to coastal occupation, producing devastation and immobilising cities and even countries. It is therefore paramount to evaluate risk along the coast at a regional scale through the identification of storm impact hotspots. The Coastal Risk Assessment Framework Phase 1 (CRAF1) is a screening process based on a coastal-index approach that assesses the potential exposure of every kilometre along the coast to previously identified hazards. CRAF1 integrates both hazard (e.g. overwash, erosion) and exposure indicators to create a final Coastal Index (CI). The application of CRAF1 at two contrasting case studies (Ria Formosa, Portugal and the Belgian coast), validated against existing information, demonstrates the utility and reliability of this framework on the identification of hotspots. CRAF1 represents a powerful and useful instrument for coastal managers and/or end-users to identify and rank potential hotspot areas in order to define priorities and support disaster reduction plans.
- Bancos de pesca de cerco e da pequena pesca costeira do sotavento AlgarvioPublication . Gonçalves, Jorge M. S.A exploração sustentável dos recursos marinhos da costa portuguesa tem sido de forma crescente colocada em causa devido a diversos factores, designadamente pelo aumento do esforço da pesca, conduzindo a uma grande preocupação na sua gestão. A prespectiva relacionada com o surgimento e crescimento de outras actividades de exploração dos recursos do mar na região vem aumentar ainda mais essa preocupação. Nesse contexto, novos desafios surgiram, particularmente no âmbito da gestão e planeamento espacial (Planeamento Espacial Marítimo / Marine Spatial Planning). De facto, com o aumento de diversas actividades no mar, designadamente das aquaculturas em mar aberto (offshore) e das armações de atum, a gestão espacial encontra-se cada vez mais na ordem do dia, articularmente na costa algarvia. Estes factos, associados com a real competição por espaço entre as diferentes frotas, foram os principais motivadores e impulsionadores para a execução do presente projecto. Este estudo encontra-se integrado no projecto “Mapeamento de bancos de pesca do Sotavento algarvio (Pescamap Sotavento) do Programa Operacional Pesca 2007-2013 (Promar) e vem no seguimento de outro projecto similar realizado para a zona costeira do Barlavento algarvio (Bancos de pesca do Cerco e da Pequena Pesca Costeira do Barlavento Algarvio). Ambos foram co-financiados pelo Fundo Europeu das Pescas (FEP) e contaram com os apoios institucionais, no Sotavento, da Associação de Armadores do Porto da Fuzeta (APPF) e da Organização de Produtores de Pescado Algarve (OLHÃOPESCAS).
- Reply to: Neurological outcome after cardiac arrest: cold and dark issues [editorial].Publication . Granja, Cristina; Nassar Junior, Antonio PauloWe are thankful for the interest in our editorial.(1) We agree that the study population in Kim et al.(2) is different from that of Leão et al.(3), insofar as the first consisted of patients who had pre-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest, and the second consisted of patients with out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest. However, neither study showed benefits to achieving the target hypothermia more quickly. In addition, the study by Leão et al. suggested a worse prognosis in patients who reached hypothermia more quickly.(3) As mentioned in the editorial, although the study had several limitations, there is a pathophysiological rationale for this finding.(4,5)
- Enhancement of Russian creative education: new post-graduation programme in digital art practicePublication . Marcos, A.; Amílcar, Martins; Saldanha, Ângela; Araújo, António; Carvalho, Elizabeth; Bidarra, José; Coelho, José; Shirley, Paulo; Veiga, Pedro; Cardoso, Vítor; Castilho, CarlosIn Project TEMPUS “Enhancement of Russian Creative Education: new Master Programme in Digital Arts in line with EU standards” (2014-2016) the Russian students had the opportunity to study in EU Universities for one semester. The Universidade Aberta, in Portugal, didn’t have a master degree in Digital Arts so a pilot programme had to be created: a new postgraduation in Digital Art Practice. This new curriculum, using blearning (based on online and face to face activities) with transdisciplinary methods, aims a practice oriented training on digital art. It started with a deep understanding of Lisbon, the relationship between people, cultural and artistic spaces and their environments. This knowledge inspired the students to produce and to create an artistic artefact presented in exhibition to an audience. With this postgraduation new possibilities started for reflection about global challenges for education in the millennium.
- Paleomagnetism in speleothems: influence of calcite growth dip on the natural remanent magnetizationPublication . Font, E.; Ponte, J.; Veiga-Pires, C.; Hillaire-Marcel, C.Recent studies recognized speleothems as excellent recorders of the Earth’s magnetic field. However, some questions remain about the origin of the natural remanent magnetization and about the influence of the speleothem shape on the recorded magnetic directions.
- Setting preliminary biometric baselines for new target sea cucumbers species of the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean fisheriesPublication . González-Wangüemert, Mercedes; Valente, Sara; Henriques, Filipe; Domínguez-Godino, Jorge A.; Serrao, EsterCommercial interest on sea cucumber species from the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean is increasing.Holothuria polii, Holothuria tubulosa, Holothuria mammata and Holothuria arguinensis are the new targetspecies. The scarce biological and ecological knowledge on these species along their geographical distri-bution, is a major problem for their fisheries management. To address it, we carried out a morphometricstudy to describe the baseline population size structure, focused on the length–weight relationship andsize–weight distribution.In the NE Atlantic, the largest mean size and heaviest mean weight of H. mammata and H. arguinensiswere found in localities with upwelling, but another factors could be influencing on these results. In theMediterranean, Girona and Mallorca showed the heaviest specimens of H. polii, H. tubulosa and H. mam-mata, and the smallest were registered in Crete and Kusadasi. Significant differences in length and weightbetween populations were found for each species. These results could be linked with local environmentalconditions. Size frequency distribution was multimodal for all species except for H. mammata; the weightfrequency distribution was only unimodal for H. polii and H. mammata.This study provides novel data, helpful for stock and population assessment which could support theimplementation of effective management for the European sea cucumber target species.
- Transboundary dimensions of marine spatial planning: Fostering inter-jurisdictional relations and governancePublication . Jay, Stephen; Alves, Fátima L.; O'Mahony, Cathal; Gomez, Maria; Rooney, Aoibheann; Almodovar, Margarida; Gee, Kira; Suárez de Vivero, Juan Luis; Gonçalves, J. M. S.; da Luz Fernandes, Maria; Tello, Olvido; Twomey, Sarah; Prado, Inmaculada; Fonseca, Catarina; Bentes, L.; Henriques, Guida; Campos, AldinoThere is broad agreement that marine spatial planning (MSP) should incorporate transboundary considerations, reflecting the cross-border nature of marine and coastal ecosystem dynamics and maritime resources and activities. This is recognised in the European Union's recent legislation on MSP, and experience in transboundary approaches is developing through official processes and pilot studies.
- Residents' preferred policy actions for shrinking citiesPublication . Guimarães, Maria Helena; Nunes, Luis Catela; Barreira, Ana Paula; Panagopoulos, ThomasCities facing a continued and prolonged process of population decline require innovative urban regeneration policies complementary to growth-oriented policies. Losing inhabitants involves a decrease in economic activity and social capital. Therefore citizens' participation in defining policies to cope with population decline is being increasingly advocated. This research focused on four shrinking cities of Portugal to capture residents' knowledge about the strengths and weaknesses of their city of residence as well as the policies and actions they prioritized for dealing with the population decline. The responses from 701 questionnaires show that economic revival policies as well as safety and accessibility policies were preferred. To put these policies into action, the recovery of industrial activity, the creation of business incubators, an improvement in law enforcement, and public lighting were ranked as top priorities. Rank-ordered logistic regression models were used to understand which variables influenced the residents' rankings. We found that the evaluation of the city's characteristics impact the ranking of the policies and actions. Hence, residents show a high level of coherence when engaging in a discussion at the level of policy-making. Therefore, the findings support residents' involvement in decision-making processes regarding urban regeneration in shrinking cities.
- The EU landing obligation and European small-scale fisheries: What are the odds for success?Publication . Veiga, Pedro; Pita, C.; Rangel, Mafalda; Gonçalves, J. M. S.; Campos, Aida; Fernandes, P. G.; Sala, Antonello; Virgili, M.; Lucchetti, A.; Brcic, J.; Villasante, S.; Ballesteros, Marta A.; Chapela, R.; Santiago, Jose Luis; Agnarsson, S.; Ögmundarson, O.; Erzini, KarimA landing obligation was formally implemented in the European Union (EU) for the first time, as part of the recent reform of the EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). Given the reasonable success of the landing obligation in some countries such as the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Norway, this policy is seen as a viable approach to tackle the long-recognized discarding problem in EU waters. However, there has been some debate on whether there is sufficient evidence to support the feasibility of such a measure in the EU-CFP. The EU landing obligation will implicitly include all small-scale fisheries (SSF) provided the species captured are subject to catch limits or minimum sizes (in the case of the Mediterranean). SSF were included irrespective of the fact that the discarding problem in the EU has been historically associated with medium- to large-scale fleets (in particular largely mixed species trawl fisheries). Additionally, past experiences with a discard ban policy are still limited to specific countries and/or specific fisheries. This paper examined the appropriateness and feasibility of the recently implemented EU landing obligation in SSF. The effects in the long-term are unpredictable, but available evidence suggests that in the short to medium-term a landing obligation is likely to bring more negative social, economic and ecological impacts than benefits. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- A criterion for reflectiveness of normal extensionsPublication . Montoli, Andrea; Rodelo, Diana; Van der Linden, TimWe give a new sufficient condition for the normal extensions in an admissible Galois structure to be reflective. We then show that this condition is indeed fulfilled when X is the (protomodular) reflective subcategory of S-special objects of a Barr-exact S-protomodular category C, where S is the class of split epimorphic trivial extensions in C. Next to some concrete examples where the criterion may be applied, we also study the adjunction between a Barr-exact unital category and its abelian core, which we prove to be admissible.
- Considerando o tempo (e o cinema [interativo]) –primeira partePublication . Silva, Bruno; Tavares, Mirian; Costa, Susana; Reia-Baptista, VítorEste artigo encontra-se dividido em duas partes: Considerando otempo (e o cinema [interativo]) –primeira partee Considerando otempo (e o cinema [interativo]) –segunda parte. Na primeira parte abordaremos discussões relativas à ideia de tempo cronológico: modelos temporais, relação entre tempo e linguagem cinematográfica e, finalmente, a questão do tempo no cinema interativo. Neste sentido, tendocomo ponto de partida as experiências interativas O livro dos Mortos(http://oscaminhosquesebifurcam.com/livros-dos-mortos.html) e Neblina (http://oscaminhosquesebifurcam.com/neblina.html#neblinaimagem), que integram o projeto Os Caminhos que se Bifurcam, desenvolvido no Centro de Investigação em Artes e Comunicação (CIAC). Na segunda parte do artigo pretendemos desenvolver ideias relativas às possibilidades de experimentação de interatividade na linguagem cinematográfica, mantendo como pano de fundo a questão do tempo.
- Milage aprender+ uma app para aprender matemática usando smartphones e tabletsPublication . Figueiredo, Mauro; Rodrigues, J. I.O baixo desempenho dos estudantes na aprendizagem da matemática constitui problema que em alguns países se tem vindo a acentuar nos últimos anos. De acordo com um estudo realizado pelo Departamento de Educação dos EUA, em 2010, as aulas em regime de blended-learning, ou b-learning, apresentam melhores resultados do que as tradicionais aulas presenciais. Por outro lado, observa-se um número crescente de estudantes que usa smartphones e tablets nas escolas, cuja popularidade pode ser aproveitada para estimular a sua utilização em atividades educacionais para melhorar a aprendizagem. Nesta comunicação apresenta-se uma nova aplicação para dispositivos móveis, smartphones e tablets, app MILAGE, através da qual o aluno pode aceder a conteúdos pedagógicos, dentro e fora da sala de aula. De modo a estimular e apoiar a realização das várias atividades propostas, a interface incorpora características de gamificação e recursos multimédia.
- Exploring educational immersive videogames: an empirical study with a 3D multimodal interaction prototypePublication . Fernandes, Luis Miguel Alves; Matos, Gonçalo Cruz; Azevedo, Diogo; Nunes, Ricardo Rodrigues; Paredes, Hugo; Morgado, Leonel; Barbosa, Luis Filipe; Martins, Paulo; Fonseca, Benjamim; Cristóvão, Paulo; de Carvalho, Fausto; Cardoso, BernardoGestural interaction devices emerged and originated various studies on multimodal human-computer interaction to improve user experience (UX). However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the use of these devices to enhance learning. We present an exploratory study which analysed the UX with a multimodal immersive videogame prototype, based on a Portuguese historical/cultural episode. Evaluation tests took place in high school environments and public videogaming events. Two users would be present simultaneously in the same virtual reality (VR) environment: one as the helmsman aboard Vasco da Gama's fifteenth-century Portuguese ship and the other as the mythical Adamastor stone giant at the Cape of Good Hope. The helmsman player wore a VR headset to explore the environment, whereas the giant player used body motion to control the giant, and observed results on a screen, with no headset. This allowed a preliminary characterisation of UX, identifying challenges and potential use of these devices in multi-user virtual learning contexts. We also discuss the combined use of such devices, towards future development of similar systems, and its implications on learning improvement through multimodal human-computer interaction.
- Políticas de gestão e organização educativa: contratos de autonomia das escolas e modelos de governançaPublication . Gregório, Maria Helena Santos; Quintas, HelenaOrganização educativa, emergentes da modalidade dos contratos de autonomia das escolas, que poderiam inserir-se em modelos de governança pré-existentes ou inovadores Para tal, propusemo-nos analisar e compreender o modo como o contrato de autonomia determina ou influencia a gestão das organizações escolares. Ao longo das últimas décadas, no Portugal democrático, as organizações educativas e a descentralização e a autonomia têm recebido bastantes desenvolvimentos ao nível do estudo teórico e ao nível da implementação prática. As diversas políticas educativas, apresentadas pelo Legislador, bem como a autonomia escolar e a avaliação de escolas, têm sido alvo de debates densos e alargados a todos os quadrantes da vida social, tal como os aspetos que se prendem com a contratualização aplicada ao contexto educativo. Seguimos a metodologia de investigação qualitativa e optámos pelo estudo de casos múltiplos, em duas escolas da região algarvia. Para a análise dos dados recolhidos junto de gestões escolares (de topo e lideranças intermédias), utilizámos a análise de conteúdo, foi realizada através do programa de análise qualitativa MAXQDA 10. Os resultados apurados são apresentados em três estudos que seguem três abordagens diferentes e complementares: análise global; análise por caso; e análise por protagonista. Encontramos, nos resultados apurados, bastantes indicadores referentes a descrições sobre o modo como se vivenciam, do dia-a-dia das escolas, os processos de gestão e de liderança. Estes não se referem apenas ao contratualizado e ao modo como as escolas tiveram que criar condições para a sua aplicação, mas também a dimensões de ação e de intervenção emergentes desta contratualização, em vários âmbitos e extensões do desenvolvimento organizacional e profissional. Destacam-se aspetos relacionados com a prestação de um serviço educativo com mais sucesso; “papéis” desempenhados pelas lideranças intermédias, que se tornaram mais assertivas e com uma ação mais robusta; e ainda aspetos que se prendem com a adequação de procedimentos de autoavaliação mais eficazes, com vista a obtenção de melhores resultados dos alunos.
- Sustentabilidade ambiental e humana da produção de alimentos: uma análise comparativa entre agricultura biológica e convencionalPublication . Fernandes, Maria Jacinta; Gonçalves, Gabriela Maria Ramos; Duarte, AmílcarA produção e o consumo de alimentos produzidos em agricultura biológica (AB) apoiam-se na ideia da sua superior qualidade nutricional e em supostos efeitos benéficos na saúde humana, bem como no menor impacto ambiental da AB relativamente à agricultura convencional (AC). Mas serão mesmo as dietas baseadas nestes alimentos significativamente mais saudáveis para as pessoas e o ambiente e, portanto, mais sustentáveis que as dietas baseadas no modo convencional? O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma síntese da informação publicada na última década referente a análises comparativas entre AB e AC, através de um conjunto de indicadores de qualidade ambiental e de saúde humana. Foram consultados diversos estudos, privilegiando aqueles que recorreram a um conjunto de indicadores de qualidade ambiental e de saúde humana. A nível ambiental, os estudos apontam para que, apesar das práticas biológicas terem, em geral, impactes menos negativos por unidade de área que as práticas convencionais, o mesmo não se verifica por unidade de produto. Os estudos sobre o impacto comparativo na biodiversidade mostram a tendência benéfica da AB, apesar de as diferenças se afigurarem pouco consistentes. A presença de resíduos de pesticidas e metais pesados em alimentos biológicos é significativamente menor que nos convencionais. A nível nutricional, os vegetais e frutas biológicos apresentam consistentemente conteúdos mais elevados em metabolitos secundários que os convencionais. Todavia, os estudos disponíveis sobre efeitos na saúde são pouco conclusivos quanto a diferenças consistentes entre modos de produção. Evidências científicas suportam a ideia geral de que a AB tende a constituir um modo de produção de alimentos ambiental e humanamente mais sustentável que a AC, embora as diferenças sejam consistentes apenas em alguns indicadores.
- Standardized CPUE of blue shark in the Portuguese pelagic longline fleet operating in the north AtlanticPublication . Coelho, Rui; Santos, Miguel; Lino, PedroThis working document analyzes the catch, effort and standardized CPUE trends for the north Atlantic blue shark captured by the Portuguese pelagic longline fleet. Nominal annual CPUE were calculated as kg/1000 hooks and were standardized with Generalized Linear Models (GLM) and Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) using year, quarter, area, gear type, targeting effects and area:quarter interactions as fixed factors, and year:area as random effects. Sensitivity analyzes were carried out for the model type (lognormal, tweedie, gamma or delta lognormal), the definition of targeting effects (based on ratios or cluster analysis), and definition of areas. Model goodness-of-fit and comparison was carried out with AIC and the pseudo coefficient of determination (R2 ), and model validation with a residual analysis. The final standardized CPUE trend shows a general increase over the studied period, between 1997 and 2014, with some inter-annual oscillations. This paper presents the first index of abundance for the blue shark estimated from captures from the Portuguese pelagic longline fleet in the North Atlantic, and can be used in future stock assessments models.
- Hafnocene catalyst for polyethylene and its nanocomposites with SBA-15 by in situ polymerization: immobilization approaches, catalytic behavior and properties evaluationPublication . Ferreira, Ana E.; Cerrada, María L.; Pérez, Ernesto; Lorenzo, Vicente; Cramail, Henri; Lourenço, J. P.; Quijada, Raul; Ribeiro, M. RosárioA hafnocene catalyst combined with methylaluminoxane (MAO) has been used as catalytic complex for the preparation of a set of polyethylene homopolymers by in situ polymerization under homogenous conditions and of different nanocomposites with mesoporous SBA- 15 particles, the latter playing the dual role of catalyst support and nanofiller. Distinct immobilization approaches have been explored for obtainment of these nanocomposites. Moreover, catalytic features, thermal stability, melting and crystallization transitions and mechanical behavior have been evaluated for those materials.
- Catalytic alcoholysis of epoxides using metal-free cucurbituril-based solidsPublication . Bruno, Sofia M.; Gomes, Ana C.; Oliveira, Tânia S. M.; Antunes, Margarida M.; Lopes, Andre D.; Valente, Anabela A.; Gonçalves, Isabel S.; Pillinger, MartynMetal-free cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) solid-state assemblies promote acid-catalysed alcoholysis of aliphatic and aromatic epoxides under mild conditions to give beta-alkoxy alcohols, which are important intermediates for the synthesis of a vast range of compounds such as bioactive pharmaceuticals. The catalytic process is heterogeneous and the catalyst can be reused in consecutive runs without any reactivation treatment. The acid species responsible for the catalytic activity of CB7 may be entrapped hydronium ions.
- Effect of pier shape and pier alignment on the equilibrium scour depth at single piersPublication . Fael, Cristina; Lança, Cardoso; Cardoso, AntónioThe equilibrium scour depth at uniform single bridge piers depends on a large number of variables, including the pier horizontal cross-section shape and its alignment angle towards the flow direction. The influence of these variables has been studied by only a few researchers, mostly, on the basis of tests that were far from approaching equilibrium. This experimental study aims at revisiting the influence of piers׳ shape and alignment on local scouring for length–width ratios smaller than or equal to 4, by increasing the experimental evidence. Fifty five long-duration laboratory tests were run under steady, clear-water flow, close to the threshold for initiation of sediment motion. Five pier shapes were considered: circular, rectangular square-nosed, rectangular round-nosed, oblong, and zero-spacing (packed) pile-groups; the tested skew-angles were 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. It was concluded that i) the shape factor can be taken as 1.0, for rectangular round-nosed and oblong cross-section piers, and as 1.2, for rectangular square-nosed and packed pile-group cross-section piers, ii) the shape factor does not vary significantly with the duration of tests, this way confirming the robustness of the shape factors reported to date, iii) the effect of shape is present at skewed piers although the associated coefficients remain in the narrow range of 1.0–1.2, and iv) for length–width ratios smaller than 4, the shape factor is of the same order of magnitude as the skew angle factor and should not be neglected.
- First record of the Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) in the Segura River mouth (Spain, southwestern Mediterranean Sea)Publication . González-Wangüemert, Mercedes; Pujol, Juan AntonioA single male individual of Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae) was collected on 6 December 2014 in the Segura River mouth in southeastern Spain. Information on collection site, DNA barcoding, and its present distribution and dispersal strategies are provided.