Percorrer por autor "Reis, Joana"
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- Autistic vs. control differences in MRI scan quality across ABIDE-II sitesPublication . Pinheiro, João; Afonso, Beatriz; Seiça, Emanuel Cortesão de; Gonçalves, Rita; Ribeiro, Luís; Reis, JoanaBackground: Head motion and variability in scan quality remain major methodological challenges in autism neuroimaging. Large multi-site datasets such as ABIDE-II provide a unique opportunity to systematically quantify diagnostic differences in MRI data quality and assess the influence of site-level heterogeneity. Methods: Functional MRI Quality Assessment Protocol (QAP) metrics were combined with phenotypic data from ABIDE-II. Participants were classified as autistic (ASD) or typically developing (TD). Key quality metrics—including mean framewise displacement (mFD), proportion of volumes exceeding 0.20 mm (FD > 0.20), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and entropy focus criterion (EFC)—were analyzed alongside age, sex, IQ, and site. Group differences were evaluated using non parametric tests and linear mixed-effects models with site as a random factor. Additional analyses examined site-level heterogeneity and the impact of quality-control (QC) thresh olds on sample composition. Results: The final sample included 1277 participants (579 ASD; 698 TD) across 14 sites. ASD participants exhibited significantly greater head motion (median mFD = 0.101 vs. 0.081 mm; p < 1 × 10−10) and modest reductions in signal quality (lower SNR, higher EFC). Elevated motion in ASD was observed in 12 of 14 sites, although effect sizes varied substantially. Mixed-effects models confirmed that diagnosis remained a significant predictor of motion after adjusting for covariates. In contrast, signal-quality differences were small and largely explained by site effects. Simulated QC procedures disproportionately excluded ASD participants, with exclusion rates up to 31% compared to 18% in TD. Conclusions: ASD participants show consistently higher head motion, while signal-quality differences are minimal and largely site-driven. Standard QC procedures disproportionately exclude ASD individuals, highlighting the need for improved motion handling and more balanced quality-control strategies in multi-site studies.
- Editorial: Nutrition in bone health and agingPublication . Reis, Joana; Gavaia, PauloOver the past few decades, research in aging-related bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis has made significant strides. Yet, the tangible impact of these scientific advances on the daily lives of both humans and companion animals remains limited. Progress in the area of nutrition have often been hampered and confined within disciplinary borders, resulting in a fragmented body of knowledge. This Research Topic seeks to overcome that fragmentation by adopting a multidisciplinary perspective. Aging bone health is not merely a clinical issue, nor solely a question of molecular biology or nutrient metabolism. It is a complex confluence of factors - genetics, gender, physiological condition, co-morbidities, physical activity, environment, and habitual behaviors - that affect outcomes in a highly individualized manner. The articles in this Research Topic collectively demonstrate the value of integrated research and point to promising paths forward. Several contributions use radiomics and imaging-based predictive models to improve early diagnosis and risk stratification for osteoporosis and related fractures - tools that can be pivotal in low-resource settings such as primary care hospitals. The contribution by Chen et al. introduce a novel screening tool for osteoporosis. By using a model based on clinical and radiomic features, this toll has the potential for democratizing osteoporosis screening in underserved regions. Yu et al. present a new lumbar CT-based radiomics model for predicting osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) in postmenopausal women, offering a possible alternative to traditional bone mineral density (BMD) assessments. Notably, this model outperformed DEXA scans in sensitivity and accuracy, even among patients with similar T-scores, highlighting the inadequacy of relying on single metrics in isolation and reinforcing the need for individualized risk assessment.
- Qualitative assessment of cardiovascular risk in a community pharmacy in the AlgarvePublication . Espírito Santo, Margarida; Reis, Joana; Nascimento, TâniaCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and several risks factors can be identified in the etiology.