Browsing by Author "Sousa, Rui"
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- Amyloodiniosis in aquaculture: A reviewPublication . Moreira, Márcio; Costas, Benjamín; Rodrigues, Pedro; Lourenço‐Marques, Cátia; Sousa, Rui; Schrama, Denise; Raposo de Magalhães, Cláudia; Farinha, Ana Paula; Soares, FlorbelaFish ectoparasites are one of the pathogens groups that pose great concern to the aquaculture industry. The dinoflagellate Amyloodinium ocellatum is responsible for amyloodiniosis, a parasitological disease with a strong economic impact in temperate and warm water aquaculture, mainly in earthen pond semi-intensive systems. Amyloodiniosis represents one of the most important bottlenecks for aquaculture and, with the predictable expansion of the area of influence of this parasite to higher latitudes due to global warming it might also be a threat to other aquaculture species that are not yet parasitized by A. ocellatum. This review made a compilation of the existing knowledge about this parasite and the disease associated with it. It was noticed that, except from the life cycle characterisation, detection methods, histopathological analysis, and treatments, there are still a lot of areas that need a further investment in research. Areas like parasite-host interactions, epidemiological models, taxonomy, host physiological responses to parasitism, and genome sequencing, amongst others, can contribute to a better understanding of this disease. These proposed approaches and routes of investigation will enhance and contribute to a more standardised knowledge, creating the opportunity for a better understanding of amyloodiniosis impacts on fish and contributing for the development of new tools against A. ocellatum, that may reduce fish mortality in aquaculture production due to amyloodiniosis outbreaks.
- Inactivation in vitro of the marine parasite Amyloodinium ocellatumPublication . Sousa, Rui; Laizé, Vincent; Marques, Cátia Lourenço; Barata, Marisa; Ferreira, Pedro Pousão; Soares, FlorbelaThe ectoparasite Amyloodinium ocellatum is a dinoflagellate that causes severe morbidity and mortality in both brackish and marine warmwater aquaculture fishes worldwide. A. ocellatum has a triphasic life cycle based on a free-living flagellate (the dinospore), a parasitic stage (the trophont) and a resting and reproductive cyst (the tomont). Current chemical treatments have shown some efficacy in eliminating dinospores but fail to inactivate the tomonts. Here we evaluated the efficacy of alternative treatments in vitro through sporulation tests and the quantification of dinospore production and motility. Hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid efficiently decreased dinospore production at low concentrations, but total inactivation of tomonts was only achieved with higher dosages. Tomont inactivation was also observed with disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite and Virkon S. This work provides insights into effective and environmentally friendly alternatives for the elimination of resistant forms of the marine parasite A. ocellatum.