Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-11"
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- Zooplankton ecology [Índice e Prefácio]Publication . Teodósio, Maria Alexandra; Barbosa, Ana MariaThis book aims at providing students and researchers an advanced integrative overview on zooplankton ecology, covering marine and freshwater organisms, from microscopic phagotrophic protists, to macro-jellyfishes and active fish larvae. The first book section addresses zooplanktonic organisms and processes, the second section is devoted to zooplankton spatial and temporal distribution patterns and trophic dynamics, and the final section is dedicated to emergent methodological approaches (e.g., omics). Book chapters include comprehensive synthesis, observational and manipulative studies, and sediment-based analysis, a vibrant imprint of benthic-pelagic coupling and ecosystem connectivity. Most chapters also address the impacts of anticipated environmental changes (e.g., warming, acidification).
- Comparative eye and liver differentially expressed genes reveal monochromatic vision and cancer resistance in the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus)Publication . Domingues, Rodrigo R.; Mastrochirico-Filho, Vito Antonio; Mendes, Natalia J.; Hashimoto, Diogo T.; Coelho, Rui; da Cruz, Vanessa Paes; Antunes, Agostinho; Foresti, Fausto; Mendonca, Fernando F.The shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus is an oceanic pelagic shark found worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters. However, the understanding of its biology at molecular level is still incipient. We sequenced the messenger RNA isolated from eye and liver tissues. De novo transcriptome yielded a total of 705,940 transcripts. A total of 3774 genes were differentially expressed (DEGs), with 1612 in the eye and 2162 in the liver. Most DEGs in the eye were related to structural and signaling functions, including nonocular and ocular opsin genes, whereas nine out of ten most overexpressed genes in the liver were related to tumor suppression, wound healing, and human diseases. Furthermore, DEGs findings provide insights on the monochromatic shark vision and a repertory of cancer-related genes, which may be insightful to elucidate shark resistance to cancer. Therefore, our results provide valuable sequence resources for future functional and population studies.
- Intoxicações agudas em idade pediátricaPublication . Monteiro, TeresaAs intoxicações são uma emergência médica relativamente frequente em todo o mundo. Em idade pediátrica assumem relevância as intoxicações acidentais em crianças e intencionais em adolescentes. A abordagem da criança vítima de intoxicação assemelha-se à do adulto e passa por i) reanimação e estabilização inicial, ii) caracterizar a intoxicação (tipo, dose e via de administração), iii) descontaminação e eliminação do tóxico, iv) administração de um antídoto, se existente e indicado.
- Aplicación de la música en actividades sociales de ocio en asociaciones para mayores de la región del AlgarvePublication . González, Estefanía Cestino; Sousa, Carolina de; Correia, Raquel; Anica, AuríziaThis study analyses the presence of music in social activities of leisure and entertainment programs organized by associations for the elderly in the Algarve region that have participated in this study in a disinterested way, during the months of June and July 2019. A qualitative methodology is used andit is based in an interview that we carry out with directors, with workers who use music in their classes and / or sessions, and, also, with the elderly people who use these recreational activities. All of them have participated voluntarily showing great interest in the initiative of this study. Among the results it can be seen that the activities with music have a very good acceptance in the programming of activities in all the associations and are highly valued by the entire community.
- Avaliação do potencial das Tiazolidinedionas como estratégia terapêutica no MelanomaPublication . Espírito Santo, Margarida; De Sousa-Coelho, Ana Luísa; Ana Patrícia, PintoO melanoma é uma doença mundial que representa a forma mais agressiva de cancro da pele com incidência e mortalidade em contínuo aumento. Apesar de existirem terapêuticas direcionadas às mutações específicas no melanoma, a resistência adquirida pelos doentes ao tratamento constitui uma barreira ao sucesso da terapêutica, suscitando assim a necessidade de identificação de novos fármacos e novas opções terapêuticas. Nos últimos anos tem surgido grande interesse na potencial utilização de antidiabéticos orais, como a metformina (biguanida) no tratamento do melanoma. As tiazolidinedionas (TZDs), agonistas do receptor PPARγ, são também uma classe de fármacos utilizados no tratamento da diabetes tipo 2.
- IntroduçãoPublication . Anica, AuríziaA II Conferência Internacional Envelhecimento Ativo e Educação (IICIEAE) realizada no âmbito das comemorações do 40º Aniversário da Universidade do Algarve, em setembro de 2019, constituiu um marco no percurso de mais de uma década de ensino e investigação da Gerontologia Social nesta instituição. Pretendeu-se destacar o contributo da Educação na promoção de modos mais positivos de envelhecer, desiderato concebível no contexto da construção de uma sociedade mais democrática, em que as políticas e as práticas de inclusão são chamadas a dar resposta a aspetos específicos relacionados com a transformação demográfica e social contemporânea. A proposta consistiu, em primeiro lugar, na discussão do conceito de envelhecimento ativo e de outros conceitos correlacionados, num esforço de síntese e reflexão teórica e crítica atualizada. Em segundo lugar, propôs-se a análise de importantes dimensões - sociais, individuais, institucionais e culturais - implicadas no processo de envelhecimento humano, a partir de estudos empíricos inéditos. Em terceiro lugar, colocou-se o foco no papel da educação na construção de uma sociedade mais equilibrada e amiga das pessoas em processo de envelhecimento.
- Prokaryotic diversity in stream sediments affected by acid mine drainagePublication . Carlier, Jorge; Ettamimi, Sara; Cox, Cymon J.; Hammani, Khalil; Ghazal, Hassan; Costa, Maria ClaraThe microbial communities in mining impacted areas rely on a variety of mechanisms to survive in such extreme environments. In this work, a meta-taxonomic approach using 16S rRNA gene sequences was used to investigate the prokaryotic diversity of sediment samples from water bodies affected by acid mine drainage at the Sao Domingos mining area in the south of Portugal. Samples were collected in summer and winter from the most contaminated sites from where the water flows downstream to the freshwater of Chanca's river reservoir. The prokaryotic diversity on water bodies' sediments allowed us to distinguish the highly contaminated sites (pH approximate to 2) from sites with intermediate levels of contamination (pH approximate to 3-6.5), and from sites without contamination (pH approximate to 7.5). The abundances of acidophiles of generaAcidiphilium, Acidibacter, Acidobacterium and Acidocellain the sediments were correlated with the level of acid mine drainage contamination. The two first genera were among the 30 most abundant prokaryotes in all contaminated samples, including one (SS2w), where the contamination was very diluted, thereby emphasizing the impact that such type of pollution can have in the microbial communities of sediments. In addition, the high abundances of archaeal taxa from classThermoplasmataand of bacteria from family RCP1-48 in the sediments from the most contaminated site corroborate their importance in such ecosystems and a putative role in the generation of acid mine drainage.
- Microplastics presence in cultured and wild-caught cuttlefish, Sepia officinalisPublication . Oliveira, Ana R.; Sardinha-Silva, Andreia; Andrews, Paul L. R.; Green, Dannielle; Cooke, Gavan M.; Hall, Sarah; Blackburn, Kirsty; Sykes, Antonio V.Amongst cephalopods microplastics have been reported only in jumbo squid gut. We investigated microplastics in the digestive system of wild cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) as they are predators and prey and compared the stomach, caecum/intestine and digestive gland (DG) of wild and cultured animals, exposed to seawater from a comparable source. Fibers were the most common type (approximate to 90% of total count) but were approximate to 2x higher in relation to body weight in wild vs. cultured animals. Fibers were transported to the DG where the count was approximate to 2x higher/g in wild (median 1.85 fibers/g) vs. cultured. In wild-caught animals the DG was the predominant location but in cultured animals the fibers were more evenly distributed in the digestive tract. the potential impact of mi-croplastics on health of cuttlefish is discussed. Cuttlefish represent a previously unrecognized source of micro plastic trophic transfer to fish and finding fibers in cultured animals has implications for aquaculture.
- Standing wave solutions in Born-Infeld theoryPublication . Manojlovic, Nenad; Perlick, Volker; Potting, RobertusWe study standing-wave solutions of Born-Infeld electrodynamics, with nonzero electromagnetic field in a region between two parallel conducting plates. We consider the simplest case which occurs when the vector potential describing the electromagnetic field has only one nonzero component depending on time and on the coordinate perpendicular to the plates. the problem then reduces to solving the scalar Born-Infeld equation, a nonlinear partial differential equation in 1+1 dimensions. We apply two alternative methods to obtain standing-wave solutions to the Born-Infeld equation: an iterative method, and a "minimal surface" method. We also study standing wave solutions in a uniform constant magnetic field background. the results obtained in this work provide a theoretical background for experimental tests of Born-Infeld theory. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- Preservation of certain vanishing properties of generalized Morrey spaces by some classical operatorsPublication . Alabalik, Aysegul C.; Almeida, Alexandre; Samko, StefanWe show that certain vanishing properties defining closed subspaces of generalized Morrey spaces are preserved under the action of various classical operators of harmonic analysis, such as maximal operators, singular-type operators, Hardy operators, and fractional integral operators. Those vanishing subspaces were recently used to deal with the delicate problem on the description of the closure of nice functions in Morrey norm.