Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-02"
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- Toll-like receptor evolution: does temperature matter?Publication . Sousa, Carmen; Fernandes, Stefan A.; Cardoso, João; Wang, Ying; Zhai, Wanying; Guerreiro, Pedro; Chen, Liangbiao; Canario, A.V.M.; Power, DeborahToll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and are an ancient and well-conserved group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The isolation of the Antarctic continent and its unique teleost fish and microbiota prompted the present investigation into Tlr evolution. Gene homologues of tlr members in teleosts from temperate regions were present in the genome of Antarctic Nototheniidae and the non-Antarctic sister lineage Bovichtidae. Overall, in Nototheniidae apart from D. mawsoni, no major tlr gene family expansion or contraction occurred. Instead, lineage and species-specific changes in the ectodomain and LRR of Tlrs occurred, particularly in the Tlr11 superfamily that is well represented in fish. Positive selective pressure and associated sequence modifications in the TLR ectodomain and within the leucine-rich repeats (LRR), important for pathogen recognition, occurred in Tlr5, Tlr8, Tlr13, Tlr21, Tlr22, and Tlr23 presumably associated with the unique Antarctic microbiota. Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli O111:B4) Gram negative bacteria did not modify tlr gene expression in N. rossii head-kidney or anterior intestine, although increased water temperature (+4 degrees C) had a significant effect.
- Hipotermia induzida: tratamento e transporte de recém-nascido com encefalopatia hopóxico esquémica neonatalPublication . Novo, Marta; Amado, MartaA encefalopatia hipóxico-isquémica neonatal carateriza-se por disfunção neurológica precoce (primeiros dias de vida), nomeadamente prostração, convulsões, hipotonia, diminuição dos reflexos, muitas vezes associados a dificuldade respiratória e alimentar. A hipotermia induzida é a única terapêutica neuroprotectora com eficácia comprovada, se iniciada nas primeiras 6 horas.
- Are Physicochemical Properties Shaping the Allergenic Potency of Animal Allergens?Publication . Costa, Joana; Villa, Caterina; Verhoeckx, Kitty; Cirkovic-Velickovic, Tanja; Schrama, Denise; Roncada, Paola; Rodrigues, Pedro M.; Piras, Cristian; Martin-Pedraza, Laura; Monaci, Linda; Molina, Elena; Mazzucchelli, Gabriel; Mafra, Isabel; Lupi, Roberta; Lozano-Ojalvo, Daniel; Larre, Colette; Klueber, Julia; Gelencser, Eva; Bueno-Diaz, Cristina; Diaz-Perales, Araceli; Benede, Sara; Bavaro, Simona Lucia; Kuehn, Annette; Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karim; Holzhauser, ThomasKey determinants for the development of an allergic response to an otherwise 'harmless' food protein involve different factors like the predisposition of the individual, the timing, the dose, the route of exposure, the intrinsic properties of the allergen, the food matrix (e.g. lipids) and the allergen modification by food processing. Various physicochemical parameters can have an impact on the allergenicity of animal proteins. Following our previous review on how physicochemical parameters shape plant protein allergenicity, the same analysis was proceeded here for animal allergens. We found that each parameter can have variable effects, ranging on an axis from allergenicity enhancement to resolution, depending on its nature and the allergen. While glycosylation and phosphorylation are common, both are not universal traits of animal allergens. High molecular structures can favour allergenicity, but structural loss and uncovering hidden epitopes can also have a similar impact. We discovered that there are important knowledge gaps in regard to physicochemical parameters shaping protein allergenicity both from animal and plant origin, mainly because the comparability of the data is poor. Future biomolecular studies of exhaustive, standardised design together with strong validation part in the clinical context, together with data integration model systems will be needed to unravel causal relationships between physicochemical properties and the basis of protein allergenicity.
- Drone-DEA: estará o futuro mais próximo?Publication . Aguiar, André; Eliseu, Afonso; Barreira, Bruno; Costa, LuisO primeiro estudo mundial sobre o papel dos drones na entrega de Desfibrilhador Automático Externo (DAE) no contexto de Paragem Cardiorrespiratória (PCR) em cenários reais foi realizado na Suécia e publicado em Agosto de 2021 na European Hearth Journal e apresentado no European Society of Cardiology Congress 2021.
- O impacto psicológico da pandemia COVID-19 nos profissionais de emergência [EPH (VMER, HELI, SIV, Bombeiros, …)]Publication . Ramos, LuisCom o início da Pandemia COVID-19,decretado pela OMS a 11.3.2020, os profissionais de Emergência Pré-Hospitalar (EPH) passaram a enfrentar novos desafios, riscos acrescidos e imprevisíveis, com impacto na sua saúde física e mental. Durante os períodos sem pandemia,os estudos sugerem que os primeiros respondentes e profissionais de saúde já enfrentam um risco elevado de problemas de saúde mental, incluindo esgotamento (burnout), depressão, ansiedade e perturbação de stress pós-traumático PSPT).4 Em 2016, um estudo da Ordem dos Médicos verificou que dois terços dos médicos apresentavam altos níveis de exaustão emocional.
- Regulamento do fardamento para os estudantes do Curso de Licenciatura em Fisioterapia da ESSUAlgPublication . Felício, João; Fontes, Ana Paula; CINTRA, RUIO Curso de Licenciatura em Fisioterapia da ESSUAlg tem como principal objetivo formar profissionais capazes de desenvolver competências humanas, científicas e técnicas num clima de interdisciplinaridade; desenvolver o raciocínio clínico e competências de avaliação/intervenção nas áreas músculoesquelética, neurológica e cardiorrespiratória, ao longo do ciclo de vida e dos diversos contextos de evolução da(s) condição(ões) de saúde; integrar o conhecimento e competências numa prática baseada na evidência através de atitudes, comportamentos e práticas profissionais de excelência. Para que exista uma imagem organizacional e corporativa íntegra e coesa dos estudantes do Curso de Licenciatura em Fisioterapia da ESSUAlg, elaborou-se este documento que define e regula a utilização do seu fardamento.
- Ácido tranexâmico e TCE (traumatismo crânio-encefálico) isolado: considerações sobre o estudo CRASH-3Publication . Duarte, Sara; Silva, Sérgio; Tomásia, TeresaEnsaio CRASH-3 com doentes randomizados entre os anos 2012 e 2019, e o uso do ácido tranexâmico no traumatismo crânio-encefálico (TCE) isolado.
- Are physicochemical properties shaping the allergenic potency of plant allergens?Publication . Costa, Joana; Bavaro, Simona Lucia; Benede, Sara; Diaz-Perales, Araceli; Bueno-Diaz, Cristina; Gelencser, Eva; Klueber, Julia; Larre, Colette; Lozano-Ojalvo, Daniel; Lupi, Roberta; Mafra, Isabel; Mazzucchelli, Gabriel; Molina, Elena; Monaci, Linda; Martin-Pedraza, Laura; Piras, Cristian; Rodrigues, Pedro M.; Roncada, Paola; Schrama, Denise; Cirkovic-Velickovic, Tanja; Verhoeckx, Kitty; Villa, Caterina; Kuehn, Annette; Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin; Holzhauser, ThomasThis review searched for published evidence that could explain how different physicochemical properties impact on the allergenicity of food proteins and if their effects would follow specific patterns among distinct protein families. Owing to the amount and complexity of the collected information, this literature overview was divided in two articles, the current one dedicated to protein families of plant allergens and a second one focused on animal allergens. Our extensive analysis of the available literature revealed that physicochemical characteristics had consistent effects on protein allergenicity for allergens belonging to the same protein family. For example, protein aggregation contributes to increased allergenicity of 2S albumins, while for legumins and cereal prolamins, the same phenomenon leads to a reduction. Molecular stability, related to structural resistance to heat and proteolysis, was identified as the most common feature promoting plant protein allergenicity, although it fails to explain the potency of some unstable allergens (e.g. pollen-related food allergens). Furthermore, data on physicochemical characteristics translating into clinical effects are limited, mainly because most studies are focused on in vitro IgE binding. Clinical data assessing how these parameters affect the development and clinical manifestation of allergies is minimal, with only few reports evaluating the sensitising capacity of modified proteins (addressing different physicochemical properties) in murine allergy models. In vivo testing of modified pure proteins by SPT or DBPCFC is scarce. At this stage, a systematic approach to link the physicochemical properties with clinical plant allergenicity in real-life scenarios is still missing.
- Catherine J. Frieman. an archaeology of innovation: approaching social and technological change in human societyPublication . Basílio, Ana CatarinaInnovation and change are some of the most recurrent themes addressed not only in archaeological research but also through social, economic, environmental, or biological sciences (among others). This interest can be justified since transitional moments are those which we usually know least, or because they are traditionally seen as structural in our shared past, and crucial for understanding the social trajectories that came afterwards. These transformative episodes have primarily been approached through a ‘scientific’ and even political lens that leads to sometimes direct transpositions from current points of view to the past. Only more recently have social considerations that try to accomplish archaeology’s primary goal— which includes understanding the practices of past individuals and communities, materialities, or biographies—been fruitfully explored. An Archaeology of Innovation by Catherine J. Frieman succeeds, in an exceptionally easy to read and sometimes humorous way, in giving us an overview of different approaches to innovation, combining them from an archaeological perspective, and backing them up with multiple theories and examples fromdifferent times and regions. What this book provides is an updated archaeological take on the study of innovation, change, and resistance in the past and present, not reducing these subjects to ‘“Do-Need” fra meworks’ (p. 159), but instead highlighting archaeology’s social nature.
- Exercise stress echocardiography: Where are we now?Publication . Cotrim, Carlos Alberto; Café, Hugo; João, Isabel; Cotrim, Nuno; Guardado, Jorge; Cotrim, Hortense; Cordeiro, Pedro; Baquero, LuisExercise stress echocardiography (ESE) is a widely used diagnostic test in cardiology departments. ESE is mainly used to study patients with coronary artery disease; however, it has increasingly been used in other clinical scenarios including valve pathology, congenital heart disease, hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, athlete evaluations, diastolic function evaluation, and pulmonary circulation study. In our laboratories, we use an established methodology in which cardiac function is evaluated while exercising on a treadmill. After completing the exercise regimen, patients remain in a standing position or lie down on the left lateral decubitus, depending on the clinical questions to be answered for further evaluation. This method increases the quality and quantity of information obtained. Here, we present the various methods of exercise stress echocardiography and our experience in many clinical arenas in detail. We also present alternatives to ESE that may be used and their advantages and disadvantages. We review recent advances in ESE and future directions for this established method in the study of cardiac patients and underline the advantage of using a diagnostic tool that is radiation-free.