Browsing by resource type "review"
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- A meta-analytic review of naming-speed deficits in developmental dyslexiaPublication . Araujo, Susana; Faisca, LuisThis study presents a meta-analytic review of serial rapid automatized naming (RAN) deficits in individuals with dyslexia relative to typical readers (based on 216 effect sizes comprising 8335 dyslexic readers, 14,083 age-matched controls, and 921 reading-matched controls). A random-effects model analysis indicated a large impairment in speeded RAN in individuals with dyslexia compared with age-matched controls (d = 1.19) but a similar performance when compared with reading-matched controls (d = 0.13). In addition, dyslexic readers presented a deficit in discrete-naming formats (d = 0.74), although the deficit in serial RAN was notably larger; hence, adding seriality is particularly detrimental for these readers. The deficit appears to span all stimulus types (alphanumeric and nonalphanumeric), indicating that processes beyond letter processing are responsible for the delays and are independent of set size. Poor RAN is a long-term and universal symptom of dyslexia, and the transparency of the writing system does not influence its severit
- A review of plant metabolites with metal interaction capacity: a green approach for industrial applicationsPublication . Nobahar, Amir; Carlier, Jorge Dias; Miguel, Maria Graca; Costa, Maria ClaraRapid industrial development is responsible for severe problems related to environmental pollution. Many human and industrial activities require different metals and, as a result, great amounts of metals/heavy metals are discharged into the water and soil making them dangerous for both human and ecosystems and this is being aggravated by intensive demand and utilization. In addition, compounds with metal binding capacities are needed to be used for several purposes including in activities related to the removal and/or recovery of metals from effluents and soils, as metals' corrosion inhibitors, in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and as metal related pharmaceuticals, preferably a with minimum risks associated to the environment. Plants are able to synthesize an uncountable number of compounds with numerous functions, including compounds with metal binding capabilities. In fact, some of the plants' secondary metabolites can bind to various metals through different mechanisms, as such they are excellent sources of such compounds due to their high availability and vast diversity. In addition, the use of plant-based compounds is desirable from an environmental and economical point of view, thus being potential candidates for utilization in different industrial activities, replacing conventional physiochemical methods. This review focuses on the ability of some classes of compounds that can be found in relatively high concentrations in plants, having good metal binding capacities and thus with potential utilization in metal based industrial activities and that can be involved in the progressive development of new environmentally friendly strategies.
- A systematic review on the ethnoveterinary uses of mediterranean salt-tolerant plants: Exploring its potential use as fodder, nutraceuticals or phytotherapeutics in ruminant productionPublication . Oliveira, Marta; Hoste, Herve; Custódio, LuísaEthnopharmacological relevance: Salt-tolerant plants are well adapted to the harsh conditions of the Mediterranean region, where have been used traditionally as food and medicines for human and animals. In addition, various species are currently recognized as sources of metabolites with pharmacological, cosmetical and nutraceutical interest. Nevertheless, ethnoveterinary data on salt-tolerant plants are dispersed in the literature and there are few discussions on its veterinary potential. Having in mind the rising interest on organic farming, alternatives to chemical substances in livestock production and concern for animal health and welfare practices, these plants may represent an untapped resource for animal management and veterinary purposes. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to summarize the ethnoveterinary knowledge on salt-tolerant plants described in the Mediterranean region, raising awareness to the potential of this group of plants to be used in veterinary science, targeting especially ruminants. Material and methods: Literature search (2000-2020) was conducted using Web of Science and Science Direct databases. Ethnoveterinary reports (EVR) concerning salt-tolerant plants were summarized and filtered for ruminants. From the final 29 publications, EVR concerning therapeutic uses were categorized according to its ATCvet code and results analyzed. Results: A total of 221 EVR were identified from 39 plants, belonging to 21 plant families, targetting ruminants. Ten EVR (4.5%) concerned uses of salt-tolerant species as animal feed, while around 75% of therapeutic uses was represented by three categories: alimentary tract and metabolism (QA; n = 75), dermatologicals (QD; n = 53) and genitourinary system and sex hormones (QG; n = 41). Pistacia lentiscus L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter, Plantago major L. and Hordeum vulgare L. were the most cited species in the latter categories. Conclusions: The ethnoveterinary knowledge on salt-tolerant species hints some plants of veterinary pharmacological potential, but other species deserve further notice. This information should serve as a basis and, coupled with the currently available scientific data on bioactive properties and chemical composition of salt-tolerant species, inspire additional research on the exploitation of this botanical group, as sources of novel products for ruminant nutrition, health and quality of its products.
- Ageism in health care: A systematic review of operational definitions and inductive conceptualizationsPublication . São José, José; Amado, Carla; Ilinca, Stefania; Buttigieg, Sandra Catherine; Larsson, Annika TaghizadehPurpose International and national bodies have identified tackling ageism in health care as an urgent goal. However, health professionals, researchers, and policy makers recognize that it is not easy to identity and fight ageism in practice, as the identification of multiple manifestations of ageism is dependent on the way it is defined and operationalized. This article reports on a systematic review of the operational definitions and inductive conceptualizations of ageism in the context of health care. Design and Methods We reviewed scientific articles published from January 1995 to June 2015 and indexed in the electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane. Electronic searches were complemented with visual scanning of reference lists and hand searching of leading journals in the field of ageing and social gerontology. Results The review reveals that the predominant forms of operationalization and inductive conceptualization of ageism in the context of health care have neglected some components of ageism, namely the self-directed and implicit components. Furthermore, the instruments used to measure ageism in health care have as targets older people in general, not older patients in particular. Implications The results have important implications for the advancement of research on this topic, as well as for the development of interventions to fight ageism in practice. There is a need to take into account underexplored forms of operationalization and inductive conceptualizations of ageism, such as self-directed ageism and implicit ageism. In addition, ageism in health care should be measured by using context-specific instruments.
- Alcoforado, Doralice Fernandes Xavier, e Maria del Rosário Suárez Albán, Romanceiro Ibérico na Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Livraria Universitária, 1996, 279 pp.Publication . Fontes, Manuel da CostaEsta obra apresenta os romances recolhidos como parte do Projecto de Estudo e Pesquisa da Literatura Popular do Instituto de Letras da Universidade Federal da Bahia, o qual segundo me explicou pessoalmente Doralice Fernandes Xavier Alcofarado em Aracaju, Sergipe, durante a 3ª. Jornada de Estudos Medievais realizada naquela cidade (Janeiro, 1998, reuniu, aliás, também uma riquíssima coleção de contos populares.
- Alegres nuevas, alegres nuevas se cuentan de AndaluciaPublication . Marques, J. J. DiasDesde o inicio dos anos 80 que a Andaluzia conta com um grupo de entusiastas pela recolha e estudo da literatura oral, nomeadamente do romanceiro.
- Alexandr Nikoláievich Afanásiev, El anillo mágico y otros cuentos populares russos, ed. José Manuel Pedrosa, trad. Eugenia Bulatova y Elisa de Beaumont Alcalde, Madrid, Páginas de Espuma 2004, 274 págs. ISBN 84-95642-48-4Publication . Castillo Martínez, CristinaDe entre los muchos objetos con propiedades mágicas que se pueden encontrar en los cuentos, uno de los más recurrentes es, sin duda, el anillo. Aquel que, tan sólo con ponérselo, vuelve invisible al protagonista, el que le proporciona multitud de bienes o hace aparecer uno o varios personajes dispuestos a cumplir las órdenes de su poseedor. Es el anillo que alguien encuentra por casualidad, que un padre deja como herencia a alguno de sus hijos o que un gran señor ofrece como recompensa a quien le ha aportado algún bien. Este último caso es el del cuento de “El anillo mágico” que da título a la presente colección de relatos populares rusos recopilados por Alexandr Nikoláievich Afanásiev y que hoy Eugenia Bulatova, Elisa de Beaumont y José Manuel Pedrosa ofrecen en esta traducción al español. El anillo mágico y otros cuentos populares rusos recoge una muestra –cuarenta y uno– de los textos que Afanásiev fue publicando en el período comprendido entre 1855 y 1863 a partir del material depositado en la Sociedad Geográfica Rusa, procedentes de casi todas las regiones de aquel país.
- Algo de novo na frente orientalPublication . Marques, DiasA recolha do Romanceiro começou cedo na Beira Interior, e os textos aí obtidos desfrutavam de grande consideração. De facto, Almeida Garrett, ao referir-se, em 1843, à colecção beirão que lhe fora oferecida pelo seu antigo colega Emídio Costa, classificava as "duas Beiras" como "verdadeiro coração e âmago do Portugal primitivo que ocupa a região dentre Lamego e Serra da Estrela." E, sendo assim, não admira que, em 1851, diga, na nota introdutória ao Regresso do Marido: "No regresso do texto segui, como faço sempre, a lição da Beira Baixa, que é a mais segura."
- Allan B. Chinen, ...e foram felizes para sempre: contos de fadas para adultos (in the ever after - fairy tales and the second half of life, 1989), interpretados segundo as teorias psicodinâmicas do desenvolvimento humano postuladas por Carl G. Jung e Erik Erikson, tradução de Cecília Casas, São Paulo, Cultrix, 1997, 183 pp.Publication . Weigert, BeatrizNotas e recensões sobre Allan B. Chinen, ...e foram felizes para sempre: contos de fadas para adultos (in the ever after - fairy tales and the second half of life, 1989), interpretados segundo as teorias psicodinâmicas do desenvolvimento humano postuladas por Carl G. Jung e Erik Erikson, tradução de Cecília Casas, São Paulo, Cultrix, 1997, 183 pp.
- An evidence-based analysis of the management of N0 neck in patients with cancer of the parotid glandPublication . Vartanian, Jose Guilherme; Goncalves Filho, Joao; Kowalski, Luiz Paulo; Shah, Jatin P.; Suarez, Carlos; Rinaldo, Alessandra; De Bree, Remco; Rodrigo, Juan P.; Hamoir, Marc; Takes, Robert P.; Makitie, Antti A.; Zbaren, Peter; Andreasen, Simon; Poorten, Vincent Vander; Sanabria, Alvaro; Hellquist, Henrik; Robbins, K. Thomas; Boedeker, Carsten C.; Silver, Carl; Ferlito, AlfioIntroduction: Management of clinically negative neck (cN0) in patients with parotid gland cancer is controversial. Treatment options can include observation, elective neck dissection or elective radiotherapy. Areas covered: We addressed the treatment options for cN0 patients with parotid gland cancer. A literature review was undertaken to determine the optimal management of this group of patients. Expert opinion: Patients with parotid carcinoma and clinically negative neck have various options for their management. The analysis of tumor stage, histology and grade is essential to better define patients at risk for occult lymph node metastasis. These patients can be managed by surgery, radiotherapy or their combination, depending on the presence of risk factors, the moment at which such risk factors are detected, patient-related clinical conditions, medical provider expertise and institutional facilities.