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- The volunteer functions inventory (VFI): adaptation and psychometric properties among a portuguese sample of volunteersPublication . Martins, Cátia; Silva, José Tomás da; Neves de Jesus, Saúl; Ribeiro, Conceição; Estêvão, Maria Dulce da Mota Antunes de Oliveira ; Baptista, Ricardo; Carmo, Cláudia; Brás, Marta; Santos, Rita; Nunes, CristinaThe Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) is an instrument widely used to assess volunteers’ motivation based on the Functionalist Model of Omoto and Snyder. It assesses six factors that reflect several motivational functions. The VFI has been translated into various languages and validated in different cultural contexts, but some studies have reported different factor structures (e.g., five or four factors). In the Portuguese context, previous studies have also shown inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the VFI for Portuguese volunteers, testing several alternative models (nine models) using confirmatory factor analysis. The sample comprised 468 volunteers (76.3% women), aged from 13 to 81 years (M = 36.66, SD = 14.93). The results support the original interrelated six-factor model as the best-fitting one. The VFI showed good internal consistency and convergent validity. Significant correlations were found between the VFI factors, organizational commitment, and volunteers’ satisfaction. Overall, the six-factor VFI is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the motivational functions of Portuguese volunteers, with implications for practice and research in the volunteering field.
- Cocreation of the tourism experience at international sport tourism eventsPublication . Mascarenhas, Margarida; Alves, Joana; Pereira, Elsa; Martins, RuteThe cocreation of the tourist experience in sporting events has received little scientific attention. This study aimed to analyze the influence of cocreation of the tourist experience on the memorability of the experience through the attention and involvement of sporting event tourists, and to verify whether this influence changes with the type of experience (i.e., active participant vs. spectator). A total of 356 questionnaires was collected at two international cycling events held in Portugal in 2021. The data were analyzed with structural equation analysis and a Mann–Whitney test. Cocreation influences attention and involvement, which, in turn, help to explain the relationship between cocreation and memorability, highlighting differences between the two types of experience. For the first time, the on-site cocreation model was applied to sport tourism events. In this touristic context, experiences must be developed through a customized approach based on the creation of hedonic and eudaimonic experiences.
