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- Dietary tryptophan intervention counteracts stress-induced transcriptional changes in a teleost fish HPI axis during inflammationPublication . Peixoto, Diogo; Carvalho, Inês; Machado, Marina; Aragão, Cláudia; Costas, Benjamín; Azeredo, RitaImmune nutrition is currently used to enhance fish health by incorporating functional ingredients into aquafeeds. This study aimed to investigate the connections between tryptophan nutrition and the network that regulates the communication pathways between neuroendocrine and immune systems in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). When tryptophan was supplemented in the diet of unstressed fish, it induced changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis response to stress. Tryptophan-mediated effects were observed in the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoid receptors. Tryptophan supplementation decreased pro-opiomelanocortin b-like levels, that are related with adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol secretion. When stressed fish fed a tryptophan-supplemented diet were subjected to an inflammatory stimulus, plasma cortisol levels decreased and the expression of genes involved in the neuroendocrine response was altered. Modulatory effects of tryptophan dietary intervention on molecular patterns seem to be mediated by altered patterns in serotonergic activity.
- Dietary tryptophan intervention counteracts stress-induced transcriptional changes in a teleost fish HPI axis during inflammationPublication . Peixoto, Diogo; Carvalho, Inês; Machado, Marina; Aragão, Cláudia; Costas, Benjamín; Azeredo, RitaImmune nutrition is currently used to enhance fish health by incorporating functional ingredients into aquafeeds. This study aimed to investigate the connections between tryptophan nutrition and the network that regulates the communication pathways between neuroendocrine and immune systems in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). When tryptophan was supplemented in the diet of unstressed fish, it induced changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis response to stress. Tryptophan-mediated effects were observed in the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoid receptors. Tryptophan supplementation decreased pro-opiomelanocortin b-like levels, that are related with adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol secretion. When stressed fish fed a tryptophan-supplemented diet were subjected to an inflammatory stimulus, plasma cortisol levels decreased and the expression of genes involved in the neuroendocrine response was altered. Modulatory effects of tryptophan dietary intervention on molecular patterns seem to be mediated by altered patterns in serotonergic activity.
- Minimally invasive surgery for inflammatory Bowel Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic surgical techniquesPublication . Cunha, Miguel F.; Roseira, JoanaWe read with great interest the article ‘Minimally invasive surgery for inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic surgical techniques’, recently published in the Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis. 1 Zaman and colleagues performed the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the outcomes of robotic versus conventional laparoscopic colorectal resections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], focusing on the comparative effectiveness, safety pro files, and surgical performance metrics of these two minimally invasive approaches.
- Destructive fishing: an expert‐driven definition and exploration of this quasi‐conceptPublication . McCarthy, Arlie Hannah; Steadman, Daniel; Richardson, Hannah; Murphy, Jack; Benbow, Sophie; Brian, Joshua I.; Brooks, Holly; Costa‐Domingo, Giulia; Hazin, Carolina; McOwen, Chris; Walker, Jessica; Willer, David F.; Abdi, Mohamad; Auster, Peter J.; Bealey, Roy; Bensted‐Smith, Robert; Broadburn, Kathryn; Carvalho, Gonçalo; Collinson, Tom; Erinosho, Bolanle; Fabinyi, Michael; Febrica, Senia; Forbi, Wilson Ngwa; Garcia, Serge M; Goad, David; Goldsworthy, Lynda; Govan, Hugh; Heaphy, Charles; Hiddink, Jan Geert; Hosch, Gilles; Kachelriess, Daniel; Kinch, Jeff; Lancaster, Alana Malinde S. N.; Manach, Frédéric Le; Matthews, Thomas; Ortiz, Alfonso Medellín; Morgan, Alexia; Motta, Helena; Murua, Hilario; Namboothri, Naveen; Ndiritu, Evelyne; Passfield, Kelvin; Pilcher, Nicolas J.; Portus, James O.; Rguez‐Baron, Juan M.; Robertson, Morven; Sharma, Abhilasha; Suazo, Cristián G.; Tamini, Leandro Luis; Vilata‐Simón, Juan; Mukherjee, NibeditaNumerous policy and international frameworks consider that “destructive fishing” hampers efforts to reach sustainability goals. Though ubiquitous, “destructive fishing” is undefined and therefore currently immeasurable. Here we propose a definition developed through expert consultation: “Destructive fishing is any fishing practice that causes irrecoverable habitat degradation, or which causes significant adverse environmental impacts, results in longterm declines in target or nontarget species beyond biologically safe limits and has negative livelihood impacts.” We show strong stakeholder support for a definition, consensus on many biological and ecological dimensions, and no clustering of respondents from different sectors. Our consensus definition is a significant step toward defining sustainable fisheries goals and will help interpret and implement global political commitments which utilize the term “destructive fishing.” Our definition and results will help reinforce the Food and Agricultural Organization’s Code of Conduct and meaningfully support member countries to prohibit destructive fishing practices.