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- Unveiling a putative hairy-microtubules protein interaction in early Drosophila developmentPublication . Cavaco, Gonçalo José Teixeira; Silva, Rui; Andrade, RaquelAnimal development requires careful spatiotemporal positional information. Such information allows development of the different organs and tissues in the correct order and position during subsequent steps of differentiation. In Drosophila this is achieved through segmentation which divides the embryo in 14 segments: 3 segments make up the head with its antennae and mouth parts, 3 segments make up the thorax and 8 the abdomen. In Drosophila early embryogenesis, the embryo undergoes 13 rounds of rapid, synchronized nuclear division without cytokinesis, leading to the formation of a syncytial blastoderm with more than 6000 nuclei in a shared cytoplasm. The molecular events leading to larvae body segmentation are initiated by maternally derived signals and propagated by a genetic cascade of more than 30 different genes, culminating in the establishment of segment-specific gene expression patterns. To this purpose, the protein of that gene can only execute its function when it is in the correct position in the shared cytoplasm. This is achieved by selective silencing and active transport of the mRNA to the correct position, a process that normally requires the recognition of cis-acting elements, formation of ribonucleoproteins and Dynein-mediated transport along microtubules. In several cases, protein localization remains normal in conditions in which RNA localization is abrogated, implying additional mechanisms for segment individualization. hairy is a Drosophila pair-rule gene that regulates the development of alternate segments in the Drosophila embryo, and its mRNA location is achieved through dynein-mediated transport of RNA particles. Previous results from our lab found an interaction between chicken hairy1 and microtubule proteins in a yeast two-hybrid screen. We hypothesize that microtubule interaction of the hairy protein is conserved in Drosophila and plays a role in segment individualization. The aim of this master proposal is to investigate the interaction between hairy protein and microtubules in Drosophila. This will be performed using different genetic, biochemical and cell biology approaches. Namely, (1) in vivo imaging of hairy protein localization during successive stages of Drosophila embryo development, using a transgenic reporter line containing a fluorescent hairy fusion reporter; (2) sample preparation for mass-spectroscopy identification of hairy protein interactors; (3) in toto immunohistochemical detection of candidate hairy protein interactors; (4) in vivo imaging of hairy protein localization after microtubule depolymerization during early stages of development.
- Implementação do QGIS/QFIELD como ferramenta de apoio à reflorestação no sul da Bahia, BrasilPublication . Silva, Nicolau Rosa das Neves; Loureiro, Nuno de Santos; Lopes, Elfany Reis do NascimentoO presente relatório insere-se no âmbito do estágio “Implementação do QGIS/QField como ferramenta de apoio à reflorestação no Sul da Bahia, Brasil”, realizado com a colaboração do Fundo Ambiental Sul Baiano (FASB) e da NGPTA Lda. A investigação centrou-se na criação e implementação de um sistema de informação geográfica (SIG) integrado, combinando o QGIS e o QField, como suporte à gestão de projetos de reflorestação na Mata Atlântica. Este sistema foi concebido para digitalizar, organizar e analisar dados geoespaciais, proporcionando ferramentas de apoio à monitorização, planeamento e apresentação de resultados dos projetos ambientais. A Mata Atlântica, localizada na região sul da Bahia, é um dos biomas mais biodiversos e ameaçados do Brasil, enfrentando desafios significativos decorrentes da desflorestação e da degradação ambiental. Para mitigar esses impactos, o FASB tem implementado projetos voltados à recuperação florestal e ao desenvolvimento sustentável das comunidades locais. Nesse contexto, o uso de tecnologias SIG permitiu a criação de mapas geoespaciais detalhados, a coleta e a sincronização de dados em campo e a capacitação de equipas técnicas e comunidades envolvidas. A metodologia adotada baseou-se na configuração de uma plataforma desktop (QGIS) interligada ao aplicativo móvel QField para o trabalho em campo, integrando dados coletados por agricultores e comunidades indígenas. Foram realizadas formações práticas para facilitar o uso destas ferramentas, garantindo a participação ativa das comunidades na criação e atualização de dados geográficos. Além disso, os resultados destacaram-se pela elaboração de cartografia de alta qualidade, pelo fortalecimento da gestão ambiental e pela inclusão social através da "tecnologia social". Este projeto evidenciou o potencial do QGIS/QField para a gestão integrada de territórios e demonstrou a importância de abordagens colaborativas na conservação ambiental, contribuindo significativamente para os objetivos do FASB e para a preservação da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica.
- Reviews and syntheses: review of proxies for low-oxygen paleoceanographic reconstructionsPublication . Hoogakker, Babette A.A.; Davis, Catherine; Wang, Yi; Kusch, Stephanie; Nilsson-Kerr, Katrina; Hardisty, Dalton S.; Jacobel, Allison; Macaya, Dharma Reyes; Glock, Nicolaas; Ni, Sha; Sepúlveda, Julio; Ren, Abby; Auderset, Alexandra; Hess, Anya V.; Meissner, Katrin J.; Cardich, Jorge; Anderson, Robert; Barras, Christine; Basak, Chandranath; Bradbury, Harold J.; Brinkmann, Inda; Castillo, Alexis; Cook, Madelyn; Costa, Kassandra; Choquel, Constance; Diz, Paula; Donnenfield, Jonas; Elling, Felix J.; Erdem, Zeynep; Filipsson, Helena L.; Garrido, Sebastián; Gottschalk, Julia; Menon, Anjaly Govindankutty; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Hallmann, Christian; Hendy, Ingrid; Hennekam, Rick; Lu, Wanyi; Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean; Matos, Lélia; Martínez-García, Alfredo; Silveira Molina, Giulia; Muñoz, Práxedes; Moretti, Simone; Morford, Jennifer; Nuber, Sophie; Radionovskaya, Svetlana; Raven, Morgan Reed; Somes, Christopher J.; Studer, Anja S.; Tachikawa, Kazuyo; Tapia, Raúl; Tetard, Martin; Vollmer, Tyler; Wang, Xingchen; Wu, Shuzhuang; Zhang, Yan; Zheng, Xin-Yuan; Zhou, YuxinA growing body of observations has revealed rapid changes in both the total inventory and the distribution of marine oxygen over the latter half of the 20th century, leading to increased interest in extending oxygenation records into the past. The use of paleo-oxygen proxies has the potential to extend the spatial and temporal range of current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provide datasets necessary to test climate models under different boundary conditions, and ultimately understand how ocean oxygenation responds beyond decadal-scale changes. This review seeks to summarize the current state of knowledge about proxies for reconstructing Cenozoic marine oxygen: sedimentary features, sedimentary redox-sensitive trace elements and isotopes, biomarkers, nitrogen isotopes, foraminiferal trace elements, foraminiferal assemblages, foraminiferal morphometrics, and benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope gradients. Taking stock of each proxy reveals some common limitations as the majority of proxies functions best at low-oxygen concentrations, and many reflect multiple environmental drivers. We also highlight recent breakthroughs in geochemistry and proxy approaches to constraining pelagic (in addition to benthic) oxygenation that are rapidly advancing the field. In light of both the emergence of new proxies and the persistent multiple driver problem, the need for multi-proxy approaches and data storage and sharing that adhere to the principles of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR) is emphasized. Continued refinements of proxy approaches and both proxy–proxy and proxy–model comparisons are likely to support the growing needs of both oceanographers and paleoceanographers interested in paleooxygenation records.