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- PneumoNet: artificial intelligence assistance for pneumonia detection on X-raysPublication . Antunes, Carlos; Rodrigues, Joao; Cunha, AntónioPneumonia is a respiratory condition caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. It manifests with symptoms such as coughing, chest pain, fever, breathing difficulties, and fatigue. Early and accurate detection is crucial for effective treatment, yet traditional diagnostic methods often fall short in reliability and speed. Chest X-rays have become widely used for detecting pneumonia; however, current approaches still struggle with achieving high accuracy and interpretability, leaving room for improvement. PneumoNet, an artificial intelligence assistant for X-ray pneumonia detection, is proposed in this work. The framework comprises (a) a new deep learning-based classification model for the detection of pneumonia, which expands on the AlexNet backbone for feature extraction in X-ray images and a new head in its final layers that is tailored for (X-ray) pneumonia classification. (b) GPT-Neo, a large language model, which is used to integrate the results and produce medical reports. The classification model is trained and evaluated on three publicly available datasets to ensure robustness and generalisability. Using multiple datasets mitigates biases from single-source data, addresses variations in patient demographics, and allows for meaningful performance comparisons with prior research. PneumoNet classifier achieves accuracy rates between 96.70% and 98.70% in those datasets.
- Experimental protocol for cooking rabbits and its archaeological implicationsPublication . Real, Cristina; Rufà, Anna; Carvalho, Milena; Pérez, Leopoldo; Haws, Jonathan; Sanchis, AlfredSmall prey such as rabbits are present in Middle Paleolithic and are abundant in the diet of Upper Paleolithic human groups in southwestern Europe, especially in the Iberian Peninsula. Several archaeological and experimental studies have attempted to relate anthropogenic modifications, in this case cut marks, to different processing and consumption activities. However, the data do not always give similar results, as the presence and quantity of cut marks is variable across time, geography, and anatomical elements. Therefore, the lack of clear answers forces us to hypothesize if these variations could be indicative of the choice of particular cooking, processing, and consumption patterns, including the aim of preserving the meat by drying or smoking. The first objective is to present an empirical methodology to resolve uncertainties about the processing and consumption patterns adopted by human groups in different temporal and geographical contexts. The second objective is to characterize the cut marks found on the bones and relate them to a cooking method. To achieve these objectives, the paper presents a complete experimental protocol. This protocol included three cooking methods (drying, smoking, roasting) that could have been used by Paleolithic human groups when processing rabbits. The results of these experiments are then analyzed in terms of time, weight loss, and the condition of the meat and marrow. Following this, the first results of the taphonomic study focusing on the cut marks identified on the experimental bones are reported. In addition, we critically review other experimental studies focusing on rabbits and compare their results with our own in order to present a comprehensive framework and discuss their archaeological implications.
- Topical insulin meets nanomedicine: a synergy for enhanced skin regenerationPublication . Duarte, Sofia O. D.; Fonte, PedroChronic wounds, particularly those associated with diabetes, present an increasing public health burden due to their extended healing periods and high recurrence rates. One of the most common and clinically difficult forms of chronic wounds are diabetic foot ulcers, which are frequently distinguished by poor angiogenesis, ongoing inflammation, and wound environments that are rich in proteases. Over10 million people are impacted in Europe alone, with a high prevalence among those 65 and older. Over €4 billion is spent on healthcare each year, with each patient’s treatment costing between €6,000 and €10,000 [1,2]. Because of the ongoing inflammation and protease activity, conventional therapies frequently fail to promote complete regeneration, particularly in diabetic wound beds where heal-ing is severely compromised. As a result, there is now more interest in insulin, a biomolecule that is vital for wound heal-ing and has angiogenic, proliferative, and immunomodulatory qualities [2]. However, in chronic wound beds, insulin is extremely vulnerable to enzymatic degradation [3]. By encapsulating insulin in nanoparticles that resist degradation, enhance retention at the wound site, and permit con-trolled release, recent developments in nanomedicine overcome these drawbacks. These technologies better match drug availability with the changing wound environment and improve the regenerative effects of insulin [3,4]. As a result, combining topical insulin therapy with nanocarrier systems shows promise as a wound care approach, especially for diabetic ulcers and other chronic conditions.
- Evolution of research on resource slack and future directionsPublication . Freitas, Anderson Nery; Serra, Fernando Ribeiro; Guerrazzi, Luiz Antonio de Camargo; Scazziota, Vanessa; Scafuto, Isabel CristinaThis article examines how organizations manage resource slack to influence performance, addressing inconsistent findings in the literature despite four decades of scholarly attention. While research on resource slack spans diverse domains from innovation to environmental management, a knowledge gap exists in understanding the mechanisms through which organizations transform slack into performance outcomes. This study addresses this gap through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis that maps the intellectual evolution of resource slack research. From an initial sample of 340 published articles across 167 journals, bibliographic coupling analysis identified 98 articles with significant conceptual relationships. Using exploratory factor analysis and network analysis, the study reveals distinct research streams and their interconnections. Results uncover two key insights: Factor 1 consolidates traditional resource slack theory encompassing 84 articles focusing on performance optimization and strategic resource allocation, while Factor 2 reveals emerging theoretical approaches comprising 14 articles addressing contemporary organizational challenges including environmental uncertainty and dynamic resource orchestration. The analysis advances theory by explaining how organizations employ different types of slack resources across varying contexts, the specific mechanisms used to transform slack into performance outcomes, and how organizations adapt slack management approaches to environmental conditions. These findings have implications for both scholars seeking to resolve theoretical inconsistencies and practitioners aiming to optimize resource allocation decisions. The study contributes to strategic management literature by offering an integrated perspective on slack resource management that can guide future research and inform organizational resource optimization strategies.
- Clone, a sua melhor versão: Um contributo para a gestão de programas de desenvolvimento pessoal no contexto organizacionalPublication . Costa, Marta Alexandra Fernandes Monteiro de Barros dos Santos; Silva, Nelson Tavares daNão obstante a ideias positivas associadas a utilização do desenvolvimento pessoal, existem lacunas entre o nível de popularidade do desenvolvimento pessoal e a extensão de evidências disponíveis quanto à sua eficácia nas organizações. A investigação teve como finalidade identificar as necessidades de desenvolvimento pessoal dos colaboradores da Loja do Munícipe da Câmara Municipal de Loulé, através da conjugação de uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. A utilização da Análise Fatorial Múltipla (AFM) e da Análise Temática, permitiu analisar variáveis chave como a Autoeficácia, Autoexploração, Inteligência Emocional e Melhoria Contínua. A análise quantitativa evidenciou dois grandes grupos de perfis profissionais, distinguindo entre Planos de Desenvolvimento Pessoal (PDP) Prioritários e Não-Prioritários. Na componente qualitativa, destacaram-se temas como o stress no trabalho, as relações interpessoais, a motivação, o bem-estar emocional e os hábitos de qualidade de vida no trabalho. O cruzamento destas análises permitiu propor orientações práticas baseadas em terapias como Coaching, Mindfulness, Psicologia Clínica e Ginástica Laboral, com vista à promoção da saúde mental, aumento da motivação, redução do stress e melhoria do desempenho organizacional. Apesar das dificuldades e limitações associadas à investigação, os resultados fornecem um contributo relevante para a implementação de políticas de desenvolvimento pessoal sustentáveis e eficazes nas organizações e para o fortelecimento da ligação entre a teoria e a prática.