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- Editorial: Innovative teaching and learning in health education and promotionPublication . da Costa, Emilia; Ruiz Fernández, María Dolores; Fernández Medina, Isabel María; Jimenez Lasserrotte, Maria del Mar; Ventura-Miranda, Maria IsabelHealth education and health promotion are undergoing profound transformation. Demographic transitions, aging populations, increasing multimorbidity, persistent inequities, and rapid technological change are reshaping how learners understand and navigate health. In this evolving context, traditional knowledge-transmission models are no longer sufficient to prepare future professionals for complex, multicultural and digitally mediated environments. Innovation in teaching and learning has therefore become essential, not only to improve learning outcomes, but to strengthen ethical reasoning, equity, and learner autonomy. This global shift echoes recent OECD (1) analyses highlighting how digitalisation, demographic aging and widening social disparities are redefining the competencies required of tomorrow’s health workforce and calling for educational approaches attuned to complexity and uncertainty. It is also consistent with the World Health Organization’s call for transformative health workforce education, which stresses that conventional training models can no longer meet the demands posed by demographic change, chronic disease burdens, technological acceleration and growing inequities.
- Early evidence of earthquake management through mobility and social network adjustments at Vale Boi (SW Iberia)Publication . Barbieri, Alvise; Sánchez-Martínez, Javier; Belmiro, Joana; Fernandes, Paulo; Galfi, Jovan; Horta, Pedro; Cascalheira, João; Bicho, NunoTectonic processes profoundly influenced the dispersal, evolution, and archaeological record of our Paleolithic ancestors. However, in-depth reconstructions of human resilience against seismic events come mostly from contexts dating to the last 13,000 years. Here, we present geophysical, geological, geochronological, and archaeological data from the openair site of Vale Boy in southwestern Iberia, revealing how foragers mitigated earthquake impacts between ~30,000 and 24,000 years ago. At Vale Boi, faulting formed sedimentary traps that were recurrently exploited by hunter-gatherers and periodically buried by rockfalls, likely triggered by ≥5.7 Mw earthquakes. Despite seismic destruction, hunter-gatherers repeatedly returned to the site, drawn by its strategic access to key resources. They mitigated seismic risks by increasing their mobility and even abandoning Vale Boi, as seen during the Gravettian and at the early/late Proto-Solutrean transition. When seismic and climatic stressors co-occurred (Heinrich Event 2), they did not abandon the site. Instead, they adopted strategies to limit their exposure to rockfall hazard while securing access to increasingly vital coastal and estuarine resources. Until the early Proto-Solutrean, tightly knit social networks supported the survival of Vale Boi foragers during periods of high stress, such as the aftermath of seismic rockfalls. During the late Proto-Solutrean, an expansion of super-regional connections might have functioned as a proactive buffer against future tectonic shocks. Our findings demonstrate that forager resilience to seismic events relied on flexible adjustments in mobility and social connectivity. Despite limitations deriving from its single-site focus, this study underscores the value of deep archaeological sequences for disentangling human responses to intertwined geological and ecological pressures.