FCT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- Linguistic loops and geometric invariants as a way to pre-verbal thought?Publication . Corradetti, Daniele; Alessio MarraniWe introduce the concepts of linguistic transformation, linguistic loop and semantic deficit. By exploiting Lie group theoretical and geometric techniques, we define invariants that capture the structural properties of a whole linguistic loop. This result paves the way to a totally new line of research, employing tools from Lie theory and higher-dimensional geometry within language studies. But, even more intriguingly, our study hints to a mathematical characterization of the meta-linguistic or pre-verbal thought, namely of those cognitive structures that precede the language.
- Sustainable solutions: exploring trade-offs in marine protected areas from six European case sitesPublication . Gutierrez, Débora; Calado, Helena; Barboza, Francisco Rafael; Markovic, Marina; Queiroz, Joyce Dias Gois Rodrigues de; Pegorelli, Camila; Boudy, Claire; Raedemaecker, Fien De; Stanchev, Hristo; Withouck, Inne; Stojanovic, Ivana; Zaucha, Jacek; García-Sanabria, Javier; Pinarbasi, Kemal; Matczak, Magdalena; Stancheva, Margarita; Sciascia, Roberta; Newton, AliceMaritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is a crucial tool for the sustainable use of ocean resources, requiring the negotiation of trade-offs among ecological, economic, and social interests. This study validates a participatory four-block methodology-preparation, option setting, trade-off negotiation and implementation-applied across six European case sites within the MSP4BIO project. It produced practical guidance-especially for the 'Trade-off Negotiation' phase, in a participatory context. This process was operationalized across the sites through three core phases: (I) preparation, (II) collaborative engagement with stakeholders, and (III) post-meeting consolidation. Participatory mapping tools such as SeaSketch were used to visualize spatial conflicts and support stakeholder engagement. Findings show that trade-offs are highly context-specific, requiring flexible, data-driven, and inclusive decision-making processes. Common challenges include data limitations, varying technical capacities, and the need for stronger integration of MSP and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). A qualitative cross-case comparison emphasized the importance of harmonized and adaptive methods to support participatory governance, and ecological resilience in the face of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressures on marine environments. This study is the first operational test in case sites, across six European sea basins, and present the comparative validation of the Calado et al1. Trade-offs method.
- Customising sustainable bio-based polyelectrolytes: introduction of charged and hydrophobic groups in cellulosePublication . Magalhães, Solange; Aliaño González, María José; Cruz, Pedro F.; Rosenberg, Rose; Haffke, Dirk; Norgren, Magnus; Alves, Luís; Medronho, Bruno; Rasteiro, Maria da GraçaAbstract: Cellulose has been widely explored as a sustainable alternative to synthetic polymers in industrial applications, thanks to its advantageous properties. The introduction of chemical modifications on cellulose structure, focusing on cationic and hydrophobic modifications, can enhance its functionality and expand the range of applications. In the present work, cationization was carried out through a two-step process involving sodium periodate oxidation followed by a reaction with the Girard T reagent, yielding a degree of substitution for cationic groups (DScationic) between 0.3 and 1.8. Hydrophobic modification was achieved via esterification with fatty acids derived from commercial plant oils, using an enzyme-assisted, environmentally friendly method. Lipase-catalysed hydrolysis, optimised at 0.25% enzyme concentration and with a 1 h reaction time, produced an 84% yield of fatty acids, confirmed by FTIR and NMR analyses. The degree of substitution for hydrophobic groups (DShydrophobic) ranged from 0.09 to 0.66. The molecular weight (MW) of the modified cellulose derivatives varied from 1.8 to 141 kDa. This dual modification strategy enables the creation of cellulose-based polymers with controlled electrostatic and hydrophobic characteristics, customisable for specific industrial applications. Our approach presents a sustainable and flexible solution for developing cellulose derivatives tailored to diverse industrial needs.
- Embedding a real-time strawberry detection model into a pesticide-spraying mobile robot for greenhouse operationPublication . Amraoui, Khalid El; Ansari, Mohamed El; Lghoul, Mouataz; Alaoui, Mustapha El; Abanay, Abdelkrim; Jabri, Bouazza; Masmoudi, Lhoussaine; LUÍS VALENTE DE OLIVEIRA, JOSÉAbstract: The real-time detection of fruits and plants is a crucial aspect of digital agriculture, enhancing farming efficiency and productivity. This study addresses the challenge of embedding a real-time strawberry detection system in a small mobile robot operating within a greenhouse environment. The embedded system is based on the YOLO architecture running in a single GPU card, with the Open Neural Network Exchange (ONNX) representation being employed to accelerate the detection process. The experiments conducted in this study demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of over 97%, processing eight frames per second for 512 × 512 pixel images. These results affirm the utility of the proposed approach in detecting strawberry plants in order to optimize the spraying process and avoid inflicting any harm on the plants. The goal of this research is to highlight the potential of integrating advanced detection algorithms into small-scale robotics, providing a viable solution for enhancing precision agriculture practices.
- Combining adequate BRUV deployment times with individual photo-identification improves monitoring of shark populations in the CaribbeanPublication . Kohler, Johanna; Gore, Mauvis; Ormond, Rupert; Mason, Katherine; Veeder, Anne; Austin, TimothySharks play a key role in coral reef ecosystems, but Caribbean populations are concerningly low. When monitoring endangered species, it is critical to use minimally invasive tools and protocols that are adequate for local species and the environment. This study investigated the adequate deployment time of baited remote underwater videos (BRUVs) for shark studies in the Cayman Islands and whether the use of photo-identification to recognise individuals (MaxIND) on BRUVs could im prove abundance estimates (in comparison to MaxN) and the analysis of shark behaviour. From 2015 to 2018, a total of 557 BRUVs were deployed with recording times ranging from 3.8 to 211.03 min. The results showed that (1) of the total number of individual sharks recorded on videos, 95% of individuals were recorded within the first 110 min (slight variations between species), (2) MaxIND values were 1.1-1.5 times greater than that of MaxN (ratios varying with species) and (3) time of first arrival (Tarrive) was similar for all recorded species but time spent in front of the camera's field of view (Tvisit) and activity levels (count of entries in camera's field of view) varied between species. The results provide key information to improve the localised monitoring of rare/endangered species and can inform conservation management.
- Special issue: emerging topics in metal complexes: pharmacological activity, 2nd editionPublication . Ścibior, Agnieszka; Aureliano, Manuel; Llopis, JuanThis Special Issue (SI), titled “Emerging Topics in Metal Complexes: Pharmacological Activity, 2nd Edition”, includes reports updating our knowledge about magnesium (Mg) and neurodegeneration, various metal-containing complexes in terms of their potential therapeutic applications (i.e., ruthenium (Ru), platinum (Pt), zinc (Zn), vanadium (V), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), and other metal complexes and their mechanisms in treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD)), and the efficacy of platinum (Pt)-based complexes in the treatment of lung cancer. It also includes research into a promising radiotheranostic agent against prostate cancer and a novel Fe(III)-pyridoxal-derivative complex with serum proteins and DNA binding activities. In addition, this SI provides valuable findings on the efficacy of methylene blue (MB) in protecting the heart from doxorubicin (Dox)-induced damage and addresses the identification of key active constituents in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves (EUOL) against Parkinson’s disease (PD) and their underlying mechanisms. The scientific articles making up this SI, i.e., three review articles and four original papers (seven in total), have garnered a total of 16 citations and 17,528 views, indicating an average of 2 citations and 2,504 views per publication (29 November 2025). Figure 1 summarizes the issues included in this SI.
- A spatial framework for assessing irrigation water use in overexploited mediterranean aquifersPublication . López-Pérez, Esther; Manzano-Juarez, Juan; Jiménez-Bello, Miguel Angel; García-Prats, Alberto; Sanchis-Ibor, Carles; Rubio-Martín, Adrià; Boubekri, Fatima Zahrae; Kajji, Abdellah; TUFONI, PAOLO; Nunes, Luís; Pulido-Velazquez, ManuelIrrigated agriculture in Mediterranean semi-arid regions is increasingly constrained by aquifer depletion and climate change. Enhancing water use efficiency in the irrigation of perennial crops is essential for long-term agricultural sustainability. This study introduces a Spatial Irrigation Adequacy Index (SIAI), a normalized index expressing the deviation between actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and Crop Water Requirements (CWR). The framework was applied to assess irrigation performance in grapevine (Vitis vinifera), apple orchards (Malus domestica) and citrus tress (Citrus sinensis) across three groundwater-dependent systems: Requena-Utiel (Spain), Ain Timguenai (Morocco), and Campina de Faro (Portugal). ETa was estimated using Landsat 8 and 9 imageries processed with the SSEBop model, while crop water demand was calculated with the FAO-56 dual crop coefficient method incorporating site-specific agroclimatic data. Results revealed distinct crop-specific irrigation patterns: grapevines achieved near-optimal water use, apple orchards were generally over-irrigated, and citrus groves experienced persistent deficits. The framework enables scalable, transferable assessments of irrigation performance, supporting sustainable water management and adaptive irrigation under climate variability, with potential applications in digital farm management systems, water authority decision-making, and corporate ESG reporting frameworks.
- Bridging the ESG data gap: transparent metrics and rankings for emerging financial marketsPublication . QACHACH, AZHAR RIM; El Mahrad, Badr; Kharbouch, Omar; Moumen, Aniss; Aoufi, Sara El; Gueddari, Manal El; Abdallah-Ou-Moussa, SoukainaEnvironmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance has become a pivotal driver of firm valuation, investment flows, and capital market stability and a critical dimension of corporate sustainability and investor decision-making. Yet, emerging markets face structural barriers to standardized ESG measurement due to limited data availability and inconsistent disclosures. This study addresses this gap by developing a simplified, transparent and indicator-based ESG assessment model tailored to the Moroccan capital market using publicly available data from 20 companies listed in the MASI ESG Index on the Casablanca Stock Exchange. The framework evaluates 12 equally weighted indicators across environmental, social, and governance pillars, and employs the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method, to generate firm-level ESG scores and rankings. In addition to equal-weighted rankings, the model was stress-tested using entropy-based and expert-informed weights. Results reveal a wide disparity in ESG maturity: while environmental reporting is relatively advanced, social and governance disclosures lag behind. Top-ranking firms align closely with international frameworks such as GRI, whereas others lack fundamental transparency. By offering a replicable, low-data ESG scoring method applicable to other emerging markets, this research provides actionable insights for investors, regulators, and corporate leaders. The findings contribute to the financial literature on ESG integration, support the design of sustainable investment strategies, and advance policy efforts to strengthen capital market resilience across the MENA region.
- Edible coatings enhance storability and preserve quality of kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta L.) cv. Ken’s RedPublication . Guerreiro, Adriana; Gago, Custódia; Passos, Dário; Martins, Jaime; Cruz, Sandra P.; Guerra, Rui; Veloso, Fernão; Antunes, Maria DulceKiwiberries, an emerging fruit variety with increasing consumer demand, face significant commercialization challenges due to their short shelf life. This study evaluates the effectiveness of edible alginate-based coatings in extending the shelf life of kiwiberries. Two emulsion types—coarse (Coarse) and nanoemulsions (Nano)—and two application methods—spraying (Spray) and dipping (Dip)—were tested. Additionally, the use of visible/near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy for non-destructive quality monitoring was explored. Coatings were prepared with 2% (w/v) alginate (SAlg) enriched with eugenol (Eg) and citral (Ct) at their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.10% and 0.15%, respectively, as well as at double these concentrations. This resulted in a total of ten different treatments. The fruits were stored at approximately 5 ◦C, with evaluations conducted after 5 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Quality parameters, including color, firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), dry matter, weight loss, decay, total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids, DPPH, FRAP, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, were analyzed. Over the storage period, color and SSC increased, while firmness decreased. Weight loss and MDA levels showed the most significant changes, particularly in treatments with higher essential oil concentrations. Notably, treatments such as SAlg Spray, SAlg Dip, SAlg Ct 0.15 + Eg 0.1 Nano Spray, SAlg Ct 0.15 + Eg 0.1 Nano Dip, and SAlg Ct 0.15 + Eg 0.1 Coarse Dip demonstrated superior preservation of kiwiberry quality. Moreover, Vis-NIR spectroscopy proved valuable for distinguishing between coating treatments, highlighting its potential for non-destructive quality assessment.
- Selected papers from the XXI SPB national congress of biochemistry 2021Publication . Aureliano, Manuel; Cancela, M. Leonor; Costa, Ana R.; Antunes, Célia M.The XXI SPB National Congress of Biochemistry 2021 was held at the University of Évora in Portugal on 14–16 October 2021. Under challenging conditions, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we managed to organize the National Congress of Biochemistry in a hybrid format, where at least 2/3 of the participants (130) came to Évora in person. With the pandemic under control, we carried out the Congress both successfully and safely. This was the main meeting point for Portuguese Biochemistry Society (SPB), fostering the discussion and dissemination of high-quality research in biochemistry, both fundamental and applied, taking place in Portugal. The scientific program under the title “Tuning Biochemistry with Life Sciences and Society” covered a broad range of boundaries, ranging from molecular mechanisms of diseases to drug discovery, as well as innovative biochemistry projects. Science and innovation were promoted through dialogue, sharing, and healthy confraternization.