FCT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- The genomic history of Iberian horses since the last Ice AgePublication . Garrido, Jaime Lira; Tressières, Gaétan; Chauvey, Lorelei; Schiavinato, Stéphanie; Calvière-Tonasso, Laure; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Southon, John; Shapiro, Beth; Bataille, Clément; Birgel, Julie; Wagner, Stefanie; Khan, Naveed; Liu, Xuexue; Rodanés, José María; Millán, Jesús V. Picazo; Giralt, Josep; Alonso, Natàlia; Aguilera, Isidro; Orsingher, Adriano; Trentacoste, Angela; Payà, Xavier; Morán, Marta; Eres, María Pilar Iborra; Albizuri, Silvia; Lamas, Silvia Valenzuela; Santandreu, Imma Mestres; Caixal, Montserrat Duran; Principal, Jordi; Huguet, Jordi Farré; Esteve, Xavier; Pasqual, Mireia Pedro; Sala, Nohemi; Pablos, Adrián; Martín, Patricia; Vergès, Josep Maria; Portero, Rodrigo; Arias, Pablo; Peredo, Roberto Ontañón; Detry, Cleia; Luís, Cristina; Cardoso, João Luis; Maeir, Aren M.; Valente, Maria João; Grau, Elena; Poles, Vicent Estall i; Llorens, Joaquín Alfonso; González, Ana Miguélez; Gardeisen, Armelle; Cupitò, Michele; Tecchiati, Umberto; Bradley, Daniel G.; Horwitz, Liora Kolska; González, Esther Rodríguez; Espinet, Ariadna Nieto; Bover, Pere; Entrecanales, Rosa Ruiz; Estallo, Ignasi Garcés; Fragoso, Joaquín Jiménez; Celestino, Sebastián; Orlando, LudovicHorses have inhabited Iberia (present-day Spain and Portugal) since the Middle Pleistocene, shaping a complex history in the region. Iberia has been proposed as a potential domestication centre and is renowned for producing world-class bloodlines. Here, we generate genome-wide sequence data from 87 ancient horse specimens (median coverage = 0.97X) from Iberia and the broader Mediterranean to reconstruct their genetic history over the last ~26,000 years. Here, we report that wild horses of the divergent IBE lineage inhabited Iberia from the Late Pleistocene, while domesticated DOM2 horses, native from the Pontic-Caspian steppes, already arrived ~1850 BCE. Admixture dating suggests breeding practices involving continued wild restocking until at least ~350 BCE, with IBE disappearing shortly after. Patterns of genetic affinity highlight the far-reaching influence of Iberian bloodlines across Europe and north Africa during the Iron Age and Antiquity, with continued impact extending thereafter, particularly during the colonization of the Americas.
- Plant-based potential in diabetes management: in vitro antioxidant, wound-healing, and enzyme inhibitory activities of southern algarve speciesPublication . Saraiva de Carvalho, Isabel Maria Marques; Mestre Viegas, Cláudia Sofia; Markiewicz, Marta; Galanty, Agnieszka; Paśko, Paweł; Jakupović, Lejsa; Končić, Marijana ZovkoType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose regulation. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of aqueous extracts from four plant species from the southern Algarve: Aristolochia baetica, Chelidonium majus, Dittrichia viscosa, and Lavandula viridis, using non-cellular in vitro assays. HPLC/PDA was used to identify active compounds. Antioxidant activity was assessed by using TAA, FRAP, RP, and DPPH assays; antidiabetic potential through alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibition; and wound healing relevance through elastase, collagenase, and lipoxygenase inhibition. D. viscosa showed the highest antioxidant activity (FRAP: 1132.99 +/- 19.54 mg TE/g dw; DPPH IC50 = 25.85 +/- 0.75 mu g/mL) and total phenolic/flavonoid content, with a diverse profile including caffeic and chlorogenic acids, isoquercetin, and quercetin. It also exhibited potent alpha-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.61 +/- 0.06 mg/mL), outperforming acarbose. L. viridis had the highest total phenolic content (39.04 mg/g), while A. baetica demonstrated the strongest anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and lipoxygenase activity, suggesting wound-healing potential. C. majus showed the weakest effects. A strong correlation was observed between phenolic content and antioxidant/antidiabetic activity. These findings support further in vivo studies on D. viscosa and A. baetica for potential use in T2DM management and diabetic wound healing.
- When sardines disappear: tracking common dolphin, delphinus delphis, distribution responses along the western iberian coastPublication . Brouder, Sarah; Marques, Tiago A.; Oliveira, Nuno; Monteiro, Pedro; Gonçalves, Jorge Manuel Santos; Marçalo, AnaThe common dolphin, Delphinus delphis, is the most abundant cetacean species along the western Iberian Peninsula and faces many anthropogenic threats, with bycatch being the most impactful. Its preferred prey, sardine (Sardina pilchardus), has shown fluctuating abundance over the past decade, potentially influencing dolphin distribution. This study provides the first insights into common dolphin distribution along the western Iberian coast, using sighting data from vessel research surveys (2005-2020) to identify hotspot areas while accounting for monthly and seasonal distributions overlapping with sardine abundance. Common dolphin hotspots were located along the central-western and southern Portuguese mainland coasts, coinciding with important fishing ports, oceanographic features, and sardine juvenile habitats. Furthermore, during 2013-2016, common dolphins were observed significantly farther from the coast, coinciding with a period of particularly low coastal sardine biomass. However, GAM analysis indicated that the relationship between sardine biomass and the distance of common dolphins was not significant. This study highlights the major common dolphin hotspots and presents the most comprehensive temporal and distribution maps of the common dolphin along the western Iberian coast, particularly in response to sardine availability. These results can be used by managers to inform conservation measures and for the sustainable management of the Portuguese sardine purse seine fishery fleet, which interacts the most with the species.
- Design optimisation of five pilot-scale two-stage vertical flow-constructed wetlands for piggery wastewater treatmentPublication . N., Karan; Gogoi, Jayanta Kumar; Ganguly, Anasuya; Brito, António Guerreiro de; Cordovil, Claudia S. C. Marques dos Santos; Correa, Diego; Gouveia, Luisa; Mutnuri, SrikanthWith growing pig farming, sustainable piggery wastewater treatment methods are essential for environmental protection. This study evaluated five pilot-scale two-stage vertical flow-constructed wetlands (VFCWs) with varying configurations of aeration, plantation, and saturation zones. Three VFCW configurations (1VFCW, 2VFCW, and 3VFCW) were unsaturated, while 4VFCW and 5VFCW were saturated in the second stage (up to 60 and 90 cm, respectively). The 5VFCW featured a stacked configuration with no space between its two stages. Passive aeration was selectively applied in 2VFCW, 3VFCW, 4VFCW, and 5VFCW, while plants were present in most configurations except the control. Saturated 4VFCW achieved the highest removal efficiency for TN (77.03 + 16.24%) and NO3 (46.06 + 45.96%), while the stacked 5VFCW showed the highest removal for chemical oxygen demand (COD) (94.17 + 4.85%) and total ammoniacal nitrogen (TOC) (86.35 + 6.78%). Unsaturated 1VFCW excelled in TAN removal (98.89 + 0.33%), and the control system (C) showed the highest removal efficiency for PO4 3 (90.38 + 6.52%) and TOC (87.52 + 9.83%). Overall, 4VFCW emerged as the most balanced and effective system, supported by an optimal combination of aerobic and anaerobic conditions that facilitated sequential nitrification and denitrification, along with an extended hydraulic retention time due to saturation.
- The α5-α6-α7-Pba3-Pba4 complex: a starting unit in proteasome core particle assemblyPublication . Matias, Ana Catarina; Tiago, Maria Margarida; Zimmermann, Jessica; Dohmen, R. Jürgen; Ramos, Paula C.A complex composed of Pba3-Pba4 and subunits α5, α6, and α7 is identified as an early intermediate in proteasome core particle assembly in wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The same complex can be reconstituted from recombinantly produced components in vitro. Assembly of α6 and α7 with Pba3-Pba4 depends on the presence of the α5 subunit, the binding of which apparently initiates the formation of this intermediate. Our data suggest the following order of events: first, Pba3-Pba4 binds α5, then α6 is incorporated, and at the end α7. In the absence of the chaperones Pba1-Pba2 or Ump1, alternative Pba4-containing complexes are detected, the formation of which depends on the Blm10/PA200 protein. Overexpression of Pba1-Pba2 abolishes the formation of these complexes containing Pba4 and Blm10, suggesting that Blm10 may replace Pba1-Pba2 as an alternative assembly factor.
- Advanced therapy medicinal products development - from guidelines to medicines in the marketPublication . Frederico, Catarina; Vieira da Conceição, André Filipe; Nóbrega, Clévio; Mendonça, Liliana S.In Europe, Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) include medicines based on gene therapy, somaticcell therapy, tissue-engineered products, and combined ATMPs. ATMPs constitute an emerging and innovative class of medicines used to treat multiple pathologies and are particularly relevant in pathologies where therapeutic options are limited and require high medical needs. These therapies act, among others, through the insertion of recombinant nucleic acids, including genes, to promote a therapeutic effect and through the restoration of cell functions, and repairing or replacing damaged cells and tissues impaired in pathological conditions. Despite their unique potential, these therapies face challenges related to scientific complexity, production processes, regulatory approval, and market access that hinder their development and availability. Based on official European guidelines, the present review explores the current regulatory framework for the non-clinical and clinical development of advanced therapies. We aimed to discuss the regulations applied to the different types of ATMPs, as well as the challenges associated with their development until these therapies reach the market. Accordingly, topics such as the implementation of proof-of-concept studies to provide evidence supporting the potential clinical effect; biodistribution studies to evaluate tissue distribution and persistence; and toxicology studies to assess potential undesirable effects, integration potential of viral vectors, tumorigenicity, and germline transmission, are discussed. This work also covers some of the ATMPs available to patients on the EU market.
- The influence of the storage period on the suppressive capacity of composts enriched with trichoderma atroviridePublication . Guerreiro David Coelho, Luísa Isabel; Reis, Mário; Dionísio, Lídia; Guerrero, CarlosComposts can be used to improve soil fertility while controlling soil diseases, contributing to the circular economy in agriculture. Biological control of soil diseases may be achieved by the activity of antagonistic microorganisms, that, by different ways, prevent the development of phytopathogenic microorganisms, being Trichoderma spp. one of the best-known antagonistic fungi. In this work, the evolution of the suppressive capacity during a storage period of one year, was evaluated on two composts enriched with Trichoderma atroviride, against Rhizoctonia solani, Clarireedia spp. and Sclerotium rolfsii in turfgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Both composts, obtained from agro-industrial residues, were enriched with T. atroviride, and stored at room temperature, in the dark. The composts were tested in vivo, at 0, 6 and 12 months of storage, as substrates for turfgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. cv. T1) grown in pots. Plants were inoculated with the above-mentioned pathogenic fungi and the incidence and the severity of the diseases, AUDPC and BCI, were determined during the storage period. The highest biological control performance was achieved after 6 months of storage, especially on the composts enriched with Trichoderma atroviride.
- Boating tourism and fishing Interactions: a social network analysis using AIS dataPublication . Ramos, Jorge; Drakeford, Benjamin; Costa, Joana; Leitão, FranciscoBoating tourism in coastal-maritime areas often overlaps spatially and temporally with other economic activities, such as fishing, leading to complex interactions. These interactions can create opportunities for positive cooperation or generate conflicts that pressure natural resources and stakeholders. The aim of this study is to show whether or not there is evidence of interactions between fishing (nf = 43) and tourism/recreation (nt = 65) vessels. This study focuses on the interaction between maritime tourism activities and fishing in southern Portugal, using a social network analysis (SNA) approach based on automatic identification system (AIS) data to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns. The findings reveal that tourism activities dominate zones closer to the coast, with intermediate areas serving as shared spaces where interactions between vessel activities are more likely to occur. There was evidence of occasional interactions between a few recreational and fishing vessels (two passengers and three seiners), but the inferences from the results are insufficient to demonstrate how beneficial they are for both activities.
- Exopolysaccharides from porphyridium cruentum as a reinforcing agent for chitosan biopolymer-based filmPublication . Lazzarotto Cristofoli, Nathana; Ribeiro Lima, Alexandre; Costa, Sebastião; Silva, Carlos Manuel; Varela, João; Vieira, MargaridaMicroalgae exopolysaccharides (EPS), extracted from exhausted culture medium of Porphyridium cruentum, a rhodophyte able to grow in marine environments, may be useful as reinforcing agents in chitosan-based films produced by casting, using glycerol as a plasticizer. EPS were added at 1 and 2 % (w/v). The resulting hydrophilic films, EPS1 and EPS2, respectively, were opaquer than the control (CTR) chitosan-based films without EPS, resulting in increased thickness and solubility, and decreased moisture and water contact angle. EPS1 and EPS2 showed 1.5 and 2.0-fold higher tensile strength and a 2.9- and 16.3-fold higher Young’s modulus, respectively, compared to CTR. Conversely, elongation decreased by 1.9- and 8.2-fold for EPS1 and EPS2 compared to CTR. EPS1 and EPS2 showed a homogeneous matrix surface upon SEM analysis, presenting some aggregated particles with increasing EPS concentration. FTIR histograms were not influenced by the EPS concentration used. Thermal analysis showed film degradation occurred in three phases, with no significant enhancement in thermal stability. Soil biodegradability confirmed all films degraded within 35 days. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using industrial microalgae byproducts, such as EPS, as film reinforcement agents, primarily enhancing mechanical strength, thus increasing the possibilities of using these raw materials to produce sustainable food films.
- Comparison of different microalgae biomass typologies used in rotifers enrichment for zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae nutritionPublication . de Castro, Daniela; Castaldi, Matthew; Martins, Gil; Santos, Tamara; Pereira, Hugo; Diogo, Patrícia; Varela, João; Gavaia, Paulo; Shivendra KumarThe use of enriched rotifers with industrially produced microalgae represents a valuable tool for the enhancement of zebrafishlarval nutrition and increased biological performance. Currently, a monoculture of microalgal species (Nannochloropsis sp.) inform of liquid paste is routinely used for rotifers enrichment for zebrafish larvae feeding; however, the most adequate typology (i.e.,paste or freeze-dried) of the industrially produced microalgal biomass is still controversial. This work aimed to compare the effectsof rotifers enriched with three different industrially produced microalgae species (i.e., Nannochloropsis oceanica, Tetraselmis chui,and Tisochrysis lutea) using paste and freeze-dried powder. Enriched rotifers were provided as feed during larval growth and theimpact on growth and survival was evaluated. The use of enriched rotifers with both paste or freeze-dried microalgae improvedgrowth compared to larvae fed exclusively with commercial microdiet. Larvae fed rotifers enriched with N. oceanica and T. chuiattained higher weight and length both at 15 and 30 days postfertilization (dpf ), while the use of microalgae in paste contributed togreater larvae lengths when compared to freeze-dried. The experimental results in this study revealed that N. oceanica and T. chuiin paste are the most suitable microalgae forms to be used in zebrafish larvae nutrition and in the improvement of enrichmentmethodologies for rotifers.