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- Thymus lotocephalus wild plants and in vitro cultures produce different profiles of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activityPublication . Costa, Patrícia; Gonçalves, Sandra; Valentão, Patrícia; Andrade, Paula B.; Coelho, Natacha; Romano, AnabelaWe compared the phenolic metabolites and antioxidant activities of Thymus lotocephalus G. López & R.Morales wild plants and in vitro cultures using different extraction solvents. HPLC–DAD analysis allowed the identification and quantification of phenolic (caffeic and rosmarinic) acids and flavones (luteolin and apigenin) in extracts from both sources. The in vitro cultures accumulated large amounts of rosmarinic acid. However, extracts from both sources were able to neutralise free radicals in different test systems(TEAC and ORAC assays), to form complexes with Fe2+ and to protect mouse brains against Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation. The solvent significantly influenced the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts, water/ethanol being the most efficient for the extraction of antioxidant phytochemicals. We conclude that in vitro cultures of T. lotocephalus represent a promising alternative for the production of valuable natural antioxidants and an efficient tool for the in vitro biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid, therefore avoiding the need to exploit populations of wild plants.
- Protective effects of Lavandula viridis L'Hér extracts and rosmarinic acid against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in A172 human astrocyte cell linePublication . Costa, Patrícia; Sarmento, Bruno; Gonçalves, Sandra; Romano, AnabelaWe investigated the neuroprotective effect of Lavandula viridis extracts (infusion, water:ethanol and methanol) and rosmarinic acid, the major compound present in the extracts, against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in A172 human astrocyte cell line regarding the neurotoxic effect, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT). We found that L. viridis extracts and rosmarinic acid protected A172 astrocytes against H2O2 and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation. Furthermore, the protection effect was not caused by modulation of CAT suggesting that other intracellular mechanisms are involved in the neuroprotective effect. Our results highlight that L. viridis extracts and rosmarinic acid have beneficial effects against oxidative damage associated with neurodegenerative diseases. © 2013.
- Accumulation of phenolic compounds in in vitro cultures and wild plants of Lavandula viridis L'Her and their antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase potentialPublication . Costa, Patrícia; Gonçalves, Sandra; Valentão, Patrícia; Andrade, Paula B.; Romano, AnabelaIn this study, we evaluated the phenolic profile, antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase potential of different extracts from wild plants and in vitro cultures of Lavandula viridis L'Her. The HPLC-DAD analysis allowed the identification and quantification of 3-0-caffeoylquinic, 4-0-caffeoylquinic, 5-0-caffeoylquinic and rosmarinic acids, and luteolin and pinocembrin. Water/ethanol extract from in vitro cultures contained the highest amount of the identified phenolic compounds (51652.92 mg/kg). To investigate the antioxidant activity we used Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, Fe2+ chelation activity and the inhibition of Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in mouse brain homogenates (in vitro). Overall, all the extracts from both wild plants and in vitro cultures exhibited ability to scavenge free radicals, to chelate Fe2+ and to protect against lipid peroxidation. In addition, the extracts from L. viridis were active in inhibiting both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (Ellman's method). Our findings suggest that L. viridis in vitro cultures represent a promising alternative for the production of active metabolites with antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.