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Projeto de investigação
Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity
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Intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of Fels skeletal age assessments among male tennis players 8–16 years
Publication . Sousa-e-Silva, Paulo; Coelho-e-Silva, Manuel J.; Celis-Moreno, Jorge M.; Costa, Daniela C.; Martinho, Diogo V.; Ribeiro, Luís Pedro; Oliveira, Tomas; Gonçalves-Santos, João; Tavares, Oscar M.; Castanheira, Joaquim M.; Pereira, Telmo; Conde, Jorge; Cayolla, Ricardo R.; Duarte-Mendes, Pedro; Myburgh, Gillian K.; Cumming, Sean P.; Malina, Robert M.
Background
Skeletal age (SA) is an estimate of biological maturity status that is commonly used in sport-related medical examinations. This study considered intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of SA assessments among male tennis players.
Methods
SA was assessed with the Fels method in 97 male tennis players with chronological ages (CA) spanning 8.7–16.8 years. Radiographs were evaluated by two independent trained observers. Based on the difference between SA and CA, players were classified as late, average or early maturing; if a player was skeletally mature, he was noted as such as an SA is not assigned.
Results
The magnitude of intra-individual differences between repeated SA assessments were d = 0.008 year (observer A) and d = 0.001 year (observer B); the respective coefficients of variation were 1.11% and 1.75%. Inter-observer mean differences were negligible (t = 1.252, p = 0.210) and the intra-class correlation coefficient was nearly perfect (ICC = 0.995). Concordance of classifications of players by maturity status between observers was 90%.
Conclusion
Fels SA assessments were highly reproducible and showed an acceptable level of inter-observer agreement between trained examiners. Classifications of players by skeletal maturity status based on assessments of the two observers were highly concordant, though not 100%. The results highlight the importance of experienced observers in skeletal maturity assessments.
The effect of smoking on lung function changes during a 16-week combined exercise program in middle-aged workers: a latent growth curve analysis
Publication . Silva, Manuela Fernanda Gomes Moreira da; Ferreira, José P.; Teixeira, Ana M.; Monteiro, Diogo; Duarte-Mendes, Pedro
Purpose To investigate the longitudinal changes in lung function of sedentary middle-aged workers over a 16-week combined exercise training program. Methods Thirty-six sedentary workers (53.70±6.92 years old) were randomly allocated to either a combined aerobic and resistance training program (n=18) or a control group (n=18). Lung function was evaluated through spirometry using a portable fow spirometer (Spiropalm 6MWT, Cosmed, Italy). Predicted percentages of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the frst second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and mean forced expiratory fow between 25 and 75% of exhaled FVC (FEF25–75) were analyzed. Assessments were performed at baseline (M1), after 8-week (M2) and 16-week follow-up (M3). The changes in lung function were analyzed using the Latent Growth Curve Modeling that estimated interindividual and intraindividual growth paths. Results Smoking status revealed a signifcant efect on lung function growth with signifcant paths to intercept and slope for all models in both groups. The exercise group participants who are non-smokers revealed higher increases in FVC% (β=.22), FEV1% (β=.08), FEV1/FVC% ratio (β=.19), and FEF25–75% (β=.06) compared to those who are smokers from M1 to M3. The control group revealed a lower growth in lung function from M1 to M3, with a lower slope observed in smokers compared to non-smokers for FVC% (β=−.44), FEV1% (β=−.41), FEV1/FVC% (β=−.98), and FEF25–75% (β=−.52). Conclusion Our fndings suggest that a 16-week combined training program is an efective strategy to improve lung function among sedentary workers, with a higher magnitude of improvement for non-smokers compared to smokers. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04868240. Registered April 30, 2021.
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Entidade financiadora
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
6817 - DCRRNI ID
Número da atribuição
UIDB/04213/2020