Loading...
Publication
A fenformina como potencial terapêutica no melanoma - revisão sistemática
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.17 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Com mais de um milhão de novos casos detetados todos os anos, o cancro de pele é a neoplasia maligna mais comum entre a população caucasiana, o que se traduz num grave problema de saúde pública. O melanoma é considerado o mais agressivo, sendo responsável por cerca de 80% das mortes por cancro de pele.
O melanoma, quando diagnosticado precocemente e num estadio inicial, pode ser removido cirurgicamente com uma elevada taxa de sucesso. No entanto, uma vez metastizado, está associado a um mau prognóstico, sendo necessário recorrer a opções terapêuticas sistémicas como a imunoterapia, a quimioterapia e terapias dirigidas. Apesar do progresso, a ineficácia terapêutica e as resistências adquiridas ao tratamento, conduziram à necessidade de encontrar opções terapêuticas mais eficazes e duradouras.
O recurso a antidiabéticos orais como a metformina, um fármaco da classe das biguanidas, para o tratamento do melanoma tem sido uma opção com um elevado potencial terapêutico. Por conseguinte, vários estudos sustentaram o efeito promissor da fenformina, um fármaco da mesma classe, na efetividade da inibição do crescimento tumoral e proliferação celular do melanoma.
Esta monografia centra-se assim numa revisão sistemática sobre o potencial uso terapêutico da fenformina no melanoma. Para isso, foi definido um protocolo de investigação, onde foi especificada a questão da investigação, os termos de pesquisa e bases de dados utilizadas. Após a pesquisa na literatura, e depois de aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 7 artigos, publicados entre o ano de 2012 e 2020.
Os resultados obtidos sustentam a teoria de que numa ampla variedade de células de melanoma, tanto de humanos como de murganhos, a fenformina parece diminuir a proliferação celular, induzir a apoptose, bem como a paragem do ciclo celular. Desta forma, os resultados obtidos nesta revisão sistemática permitem apoiar a possível aplicação terapêutica da fenformina no melanoma.
With more than one million new cases detected each year, skin cancer is the most common malignancy among the caucasian population, which is a serious public health problem. Melanoma is considered the most aggressive, accounting for about 80% of deaths from skin cancer. Melanoma, when diagnosed early and at an early stage, can be surgically removed with a high success rate. However, once metastasized, it is associated with a poor prognosis, making it necessary to resort to systemic therapeutic options such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. Despite progress, therapeutic inefficiency and acquired resistance to treatment led to the need to find more effective and lasting therapeutic options. The use of oral antidiabetics such as metformin, a drug of the biguanide class, for the treatment of melanoma has been an option with a high therapeutic potential. Therefore, several studies have supported the promising effect of phenformin, a drug of the same class, on the effectiveness of tumor growth inhibition and melanoma cell proliferation. This monograph thus focuses on a systematic review of the potential therapeutic use of phenformin in melanoma. For this, an investigation protocol was defined, where the investigation question, the search terms and databases used were verified. After searching the literature, and after conditioning the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 articles were selected, published between the year 2012 and 2020. The results obtained support the theory that in a wide variety of human and mouse melanoma cells, phenformin appears to decrease cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, as well as arrest the cell cycle. Thus, the results obtained in this systematic review support a possible application of phenformin in melanoma.
With more than one million new cases detected each year, skin cancer is the most common malignancy among the caucasian population, which is a serious public health problem. Melanoma is considered the most aggressive, accounting for about 80% of deaths from skin cancer. Melanoma, when diagnosed early and at an early stage, can be surgically removed with a high success rate. However, once metastasized, it is associated with a poor prognosis, making it necessary to resort to systemic therapeutic options such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. Despite progress, therapeutic inefficiency and acquired resistance to treatment led to the need to find more effective and lasting therapeutic options. The use of oral antidiabetics such as metformin, a drug of the biguanide class, for the treatment of melanoma has been an option with a high therapeutic potential. Therefore, several studies have supported the promising effect of phenformin, a drug of the same class, on the effectiveness of tumor growth inhibition and melanoma cell proliferation. This monograph thus focuses on a systematic review of the potential therapeutic use of phenformin in melanoma. For this, an investigation protocol was defined, where the investigation question, the search terms and databases used were verified. After searching the literature, and after conditioning the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 articles were selected, published between the year 2012 and 2020. The results obtained support the theory that in a wide variety of human and mouse melanoma cells, phenformin appears to decrease cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, as well as arrest the cell cycle. Thus, the results obtained in this systematic review support a possible application of phenformin in melanoma.
Description
Keywords
Melanoma Fenformina Biguanidas Terapêutica anticancerígena Paragem do ciclo celular