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Publication
Avaliação e reabilitação de edifícios no contexto da NP EN 1998-3:2017
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| 5.19 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Em Portugal o risco sísmico é baixo a moderado. Contudo, é fundamental que este seja tido em conta na avaliação das estruturas existentes. As zonas com maior risco são a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa e o Algarve, uma vez que estas apresentam uma maior perigosidade sísmica e também têm um maior potencial de causar um elevado número de vítimas.
A engenharia sísmica é um ramo da engenharia que está em contínuo desenvolvimento, tendo como foco limitar os danos causados pela atividade sísmica, de modo a garantir a segurança dos seus utilizadores. O primeiro regulamento a contemplar a ação sísmica em Portugal foi o Regulamento de Segurança das Construções contra Sismos (RSCCS), de 1958. Este foi, posteriormente, substituído em 1983 pelo Regulamento de Segurança e Ações para Estruturas de Edifícios e Pontes (RSAEP), o qual foi substituído pelo Eurocódigo 8 (NP EN 1998).
O atual regulamento apresenta uma preocupação com a definição da ação sísmica associada a cada região, delimitando importantes diferenças com o zonamento do território, considerando diversos tipos de terreno e também majorando esta ação de acordo com a classe de importância dos edifícios. Perante este panorama, as escolas são uma das prioridades no presente regulamento, uma vez que correspondem a edifícios da classe de importância III. Estes edifícios são de especial interesse de estudo, uma vez que a ação sísmica é bastante agravada em comparação com a antiga norma, e porque, ao contrário do que acontece nos edifícios correntes, neste tipo de edifícios é necessário verificar os três estados limites estabelecidos na NP EN 1998-3:2017.
Numa primeira abordagem, será feito um resumo histórico das metodologias de dimensionamento sísmico do passado, para melhor se enquadrar o problema e, posteriormente, será realizado um estudo detalhado da atual norma NP EN 1998-3:2017, com ênfase nos casos de edifícios constituídos por estruturas porticadas de betão armado e edifícios de alvenaria estrutural. O objetivo final será aplicar as metodologias do presente regulamento a edifícios construídos em diferentes épocas, avaliar o seu desempenho e, finalmente, propor soluções de reforço que permitam cumprir as exigências da atual regulamentação.
In Portugal the seismic risk is low to moderate. However, it is essential that this is considered when assessing existing structures. The areas with the highest risk are the Lisbon metropolitan area and the Algarve, as they both present greater seismic hazards and also have a greater potential to cause a higher number of human victims. Seismic engineering is a branch of engineering that is in continuous development, focusing on limiting the damage caused by seismic activity, in order to ensure the safety of its users. The first regulation to include seismic action in Portugal was the construction safety regulation against earthquake (RSCCS) in 1958. This was, subsequently, replaced in 1983 by the safety and actions regulation for building and bridges structures (RSAEP), which was replaced by the Eurocode 8 (NP EN 1998). The current regulation presents a concern with the definition of the seismic action associated with each region, delimiting important differences with the zoning of the territory considering various types of terrain and increasing this action according to the class of importance of buildings. Given this scenario, schools are one of the priorities in this regulation NP EN 1998:2017, since they are importance class III buildings. These buildings have a special interest for this study since the seismic action is greatly aggravated compared to the old standard, and because, contrary to what happens in current buildings, in this type of buildings it is necessary to check the three limit states established in NP EN 1998-3:2017. In a first approach, a historical summary of the seismic design methodologies of the past will be made, in order to better contextualize the problem and later a detailed study of the current NP EN 1998-3:2017 standard will be carried out, with emphasis on the cases of buildings consisting of reinforced concrete framed structures and structural masonry buildings. The final objective will be applying the methodologies of the present regulation to buildings constructed in different epochs, to evaluate their performance and finally to propose reinforcement solutions that allow to fulfil the requirements of the current regulations.
In Portugal the seismic risk is low to moderate. However, it is essential that this is considered when assessing existing structures. The areas with the highest risk are the Lisbon metropolitan area and the Algarve, as they both present greater seismic hazards and also have a greater potential to cause a higher number of human victims. Seismic engineering is a branch of engineering that is in continuous development, focusing on limiting the damage caused by seismic activity, in order to ensure the safety of its users. The first regulation to include seismic action in Portugal was the construction safety regulation against earthquake (RSCCS) in 1958. This was, subsequently, replaced in 1983 by the safety and actions regulation for building and bridges structures (RSAEP), which was replaced by the Eurocode 8 (NP EN 1998). The current regulation presents a concern with the definition of the seismic action associated with each region, delimiting important differences with the zoning of the territory considering various types of terrain and increasing this action according to the class of importance of buildings. Given this scenario, schools are one of the priorities in this regulation NP EN 1998:2017, since they are importance class III buildings. These buildings have a special interest for this study since the seismic action is greatly aggravated compared to the old standard, and because, contrary to what happens in current buildings, in this type of buildings it is necessary to check the three limit states established in NP EN 1998-3:2017. In a first approach, a historical summary of the seismic design methodologies of the past will be made, in order to better contextualize the problem and later a detailed study of the current NP EN 1998-3:2017 standard will be carried out, with emphasis on the cases of buildings consisting of reinforced concrete framed structures and structural masonry buildings. The final objective will be applying the methodologies of the present regulation to buildings constructed in different epochs, to evaluate their performance and finally to propose reinforcement solutions that allow to fulfil the requirements of the current regulations.
Description
Keywords
Análises não lineares Avaliação sísmica Reforço sísmico Alvenaria estrutural Betão armado