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A análise do fluxo homopolar como ferramenta no diagnóstico de avarias em transformadores trifásicos
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| 12.64 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Os transformadores de potência constituem um elemento vital para a produção, transporte e distribuição de energia elétrica. Dada a sua importância é necessário realizar manutenção preventiva para garantir a continuidade e eficiência operacional do sistema elétrico, visto que ao longo da sua vida os mesmos estão sujeitos a diferentes tipos de desgastes. Caso contrário, a ausência de manutenção adequada pode desencadear avarias inesperadas, acarretando custos elevados, não apenas para reparar ou substituir o equipamento, mas também devido à perda de receita pela energia não vendida e às possíveis compensações devido à interrupção do fornecimento de energia. Dado esse cenário, diversos métodos de análise têm sido desenvolvidos e investigados com o objetivo de detetar qualquer avaria na sua fase inicial, evitando assim eventos catastróficos. A presente dissertação dá continuidade ao trabalho iniciado anteriormente no Laboratório de Projeto Sistemas Elétricos de Energia, onde foi proposto um método de diagnóstico baseado na monitorização dos fluxos homopolares utilizando bobinas de teste. O principal objetivo agora é aprofundar essa análise com recurso a um modelo tridimensional do transformador com base em elementos finitos. Serão considerados as deformações mecânicas e os defeitos de isolamento (curto-circuito entre espiras) mais comuns nos enrolamentos. Os resultados de simulação serão validados experimentalmente com recurso a um modelo à escala de um transformador trifásico.
Power transformers are a vital element in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electrical energy. Given their importance, preventive maintenance is necessary to ensure the continuity and operational efficiency of the electrical system, as they are subject to various types of wear throughout their lifespan. Otherwise, the lack of proper maintenance can lead to unexpected failures, resulting in high costs—not only for repairing or replacing the equipment but also due to revenue losses from unsold energy and potential compensation for power supply interruptions. Given this scenario, various analysis methods have been developed and investigated to detect failures at an early stage, thereby preventing catastrophic events. This dissertation continues the work previously initiated at the Electrical Energy Systems Laboratory, where a diagnostic method based on monitoring zero-sequence fluxes using test coils was proposed. The main objective now is to further develop this analysis using a three-dimensional transformer model based on finite element methods. The study will consider mechanical deformations and the most common insulation defects (inter-turn short circuits) in the windings. The simulation results will be experimentally validated using a scaled model of a three-phase transformer.
Power transformers are a vital element in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electrical energy. Given their importance, preventive maintenance is necessary to ensure the continuity and operational efficiency of the electrical system, as they are subject to various types of wear throughout their lifespan. Otherwise, the lack of proper maintenance can lead to unexpected failures, resulting in high costs—not only for repairing or replacing the equipment but also due to revenue losses from unsold energy and potential compensation for power supply interruptions. Given this scenario, various analysis methods have been developed and investigated to detect failures at an early stage, thereby preventing catastrophic events. This dissertation continues the work previously initiated at the Electrical Energy Systems Laboratory, where a diagnostic method based on monitoring zero-sequence fluxes using test coils was proposed. The main objective now is to further develop this analysis using a three-dimensional transformer model based on finite element methods. The study will consider mechanical deformations and the most common insulation defects (inter-turn short circuits) in the windings. The simulation results will be experimentally validated using a scaled model of a three-phase transformer.
Description
Keywords
Transformadores Diagnóstico de avarias Fluxo homopolar Bobinas de teste