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O papel do perfecionismo e da sintomatologia depressiva no comportamento suicidário em jovens adultos portugueses
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O suicídio é um problema grave de saúde pública a nível mundial. De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde, por ano, o número de suicídios aproxima-se de um milhão e é estimado que, em 2020, esse número suba para 1,5 milhões. São vários os fatores etiológicos para o comportamento suicidário e o perfecionismo, assim como a sintomatologia depressiva têm vindo a ser referenciados como fatores de risco importantes no comportamento suicidário. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como principal objetivo averiguar o papel do traço de perfecionismo e da sintomatologia depressiva em jovens adultos portugueses com e sem tentativa de suicídio. Método: Os participantes (N = 258), de ambos os sexos (♀= 206) responderam a um formulário online que avaliou a ideação suicida, o perfecionismo e a ideação suicida. Resultados: Foi possível observar, à semelhança do que é apontado pela literatura, uma associação entre os níveis de perfecionismo e ideação suicida, especialmente no que diz respeito ao perfecionismo desadaptativo (perfecionismo socialmente prescrito, PSP). Esta relação parece sugerir que elevados níveis de perfecionismo socialmente prescrito também se relacionam com o risco suicida. Quanto à sintomatologia depressiva foi possível verificar que medeia a relação entre o perfecionismo e a ideação suicida. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo permitem-nos compreender que o perfecionismo desadaptativo e a sintomatologia depressiva aumentam o risco de ideação suicida. Medidas preventivas das condutas suicidas e mesmo de intervenção deverão integrar ações dedicadas ao perfecionismo, componente desadaptativa, e à diminuição da sintomatologia depressiva.
Suicide is a serious public health problem worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, the number of suicides per year approaches one million and it is estimated that by 2020 this number will rise to 1.5 million. There are several etiological factors for suicidal behavior and perfectionism, as well as depressive symptoms have been strongly referred to as determining factors for suicidal behavior. Objective: The present study aims to investigate the role of perfectionism trait and depressive symptoms in young Portuguese adults with and without suicide attempt. Method: Participants (N = 258) of both sexes (♀ = 206) answered an online form that evaluated suicidal ideation, perfectionism and depressive symptoms. Results: It was possible to observe, like what is pointed out in the literature, an association between the levels of perfectionism and suicidal ideation, especially about maladaptive perfectionism (socially prescribed perfectionism, PSP). This relationship seems to suggest that high levels of socially prescribed perfectionism also relate to suicidal risk. Regarding depressive symptoms, it was possible to verify that it mediates the relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The results of the present study allow us to understand that maladaptive perfectionism and depressive symptoms increase the risk of suicidal ideation. Preventive measures of suicidal behavior and even intervention should integrate actions dedicated to perfectionism, maladaptive component, and the reduction of depressive symptoms.
Suicide is a serious public health problem worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, the number of suicides per year approaches one million and it is estimated that by 2020 this number will rise to 1.5 million. There are several etiological factors for suicidal behavior and perfectionism, as well as depressive symptoms have been strongly referred to as determining factors for suicidal behavior. Objective: The present study aims to investigate the role of perfectionism trait and depressive symptoms in young Portuguese adults with and without suicide attempt. Method: Participants (N = 258) of both sexes (♀ = 206) answered an online form that evaluated suicidal ideation, perfectionism and depressive symptoms. Results: It was possible to observe, like what is pointed out in the literature, an association between the levels of perfectionism and suicidal ideation, especially about maladaptive perfectionism (socially prescribed perfectionism, PSP). This relationship seems to suggest that high levels of socially prescribed perfectionism also relate to suicidal risk. Regarding depressive symptoms, it was possible to verify that it mediates the relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The results of the present study allow us to understand that maladaptive perfectionism and depressive symptoms increase the risk of suicidal ideation. Preventive measures of suicidal behavior and even intervention should integrate actions dedicated to perfectionism, maladaptive component, and the reduction of depressive symptoms.
Description
Keywords
Perfecionismo socialmente prescrito Perfecionismo auto-orientado Perfecionismo adaptativo Perfecionismo desadaptativo Comportamento suicidário Sintomatologia depressiva