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GIS-based site selection for agricultural water reservoirs: a case study of São Brás de Alportel, Portugal

2025-11-17Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorDziuba, Olga
dc.contributor.authorCustódio, Cláudia
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Carlos Otero
dc.contributor.authorGranja Martins, Fernando Miguel
dc.contributor.authorLança, Rui
dc.contributor.authorMaria Neto Paixão Vazquez Fernandez Martins, Helena
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-22T10:09:25Z
dc.date.available2025-12-22T10:09:25Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-17
dc.description.abstractIn the São Brás de Alportel municipality, water scarcity poses a significant constraint on agricultural activities. This study utilises Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GISs) to identify existing irrigated areas, delineate catchment basins, and select the most suitable sites for the installation of new surface water reservoirs. First, the principal territorial components were characterised, including physical elements (climate, geology, soils, and hydrography) and anthropogenic infrastructure (road network and high-voltage power lines). Summer Sentinel-2 satellite imagery was then analysed to calculate the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), enabling the identification and classification of irrigated agricultural parcels. Flow directions and accumulations derived from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) facilitated the characterisation of 38 micro-catchments and the extraction of 758 km of the drainage network. The siting criteria required a minimum setback of 100 m from roads and high-voltage lines, excluded farmland currently in use, and favoured mountainous areas with low permeability. Only 18.65% (2854 ha) of the municipality is agricultural land, of which just 4% (112 ha) currently benefits from irrigation. The NDVI-based classification achieved a Kappa coefficient of 0.88, indicating high reliability. Three sites demonstrated adequate storage capacity, with embankments measuring 8 m, 10 m, and 12 m in height. At one of these sites, two reservoirs arranged in a cascade were selected as an alternative to a single structure exceeding 12 m in height, thereby reducing environmental and landscape impact. The reservoirs fill between October and November in an average rainfall year and between October and January in a dry year, maintaining a positive annual water balance and allowing downstream plots to be irrigated by gravity. The methodology proved to be objective, replicable, and essential for the sustainable expansion of irrigation within the municipality.eng
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su172210276
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/28000
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationResearch Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being
dc.relation.ispartofSustainability
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectGeographic information systems (GISs)
dc.subjectWater balance
dc.subjectIrrigation
dc.subjectReservoirs
dc.titleGIS-based site selection for agricultural water reservoirs: a case study of São Brás de Alportel, Portugaleng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleResearch Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04020%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue22
oaire.citation.titleSustainability
oaire.citation.volume17
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameSilva
person.familyNameGranja Martins
person.familyNameLança
person.familyNameMaria Neto Paixão Vazquez Fernandez Martins
person.givenNameCarlos Otero
person.givenNameFernando Miguel
person.givenNameRui
person.givenNameHelena
person.identifierR-001-Y1F
person.identifierR-001-Y2N
person.identifier.ciencia-idE31E-E89E-38CE
person.identifier.ciencia-idCD11-F4F2-95A3
person.identifier.ciencia-idC010-F769-4244
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2862-6841
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2709-804X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7753-3767
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3677-1064
person.identifier.ridD-5675-2017
person.identifier.ridE-5613-2017
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56609809200
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55436772300
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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