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Impacto da fadiga na atenção e velocidade de processamento na Esclerose Múltipla
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Abstract(s)
A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é uma doença inflamatória crónica degenerativa do sistema nervoso central. A fadiga é um dos sintomas mais comuns na EM, com uma taxa de prevalência de 53 a 90%, sendo muitas vezes acompanhada por depressão e ansiedade, que podem influenciar negativamente a cognição em indivíduos com EM. O comprometimento cognitivo também é comum na EM, com uma prevalência de cerca de 40 a 65%, sendo as funções cognitivas mais vulneráveis a atenção, velocidade de processamento, memória, funções visuo-espaciais e executivas. O principal objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se a fadiga tem impacto no comprometimento cognitivo retratado na EM ou, se os défices cognitivos são independentes da fadiga. De modo a investigar esta questão, foram recrutados 23 participantes com EM (11 com a forma surto-remissão, oito com a forma secundária progressiva e três com a forma primária progressiva). Cada participante foi sujeito a uma avaliação neuropsicológica dirigida à atenção e velocidade de processamento, complementada com a avaliação da fadiga e da sintomatologia depressiva.
Os nossos principais resultados sugerem que o os défices cognitivos encontrados na nossa amostra são independentes da fadiga. Embora vários estudos tenham observado que a fadiga e comprometimento cognitivo estão frequentemente presentes em indivíduos com EM estes sintomas não se associam e, como tal, não se pode inferir que a fadiga explique as diferenças no desempenho cognitivo. Verificámos que a sintomatologia depressiva se associa à fadiga e que a variável sociodemográfica idade tem influência na velocidade de processamento.
Dada a prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo nos indivíduos com EM uma avaliação neuropsicológica precoce e adequada é fundamental, com vista a tomar medidas preventivas de um maior declínio.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic degenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in MS, with a prevalence rate of 53 to 90%, being often accompanied by depression and anxiety, which can negatively influence cognition in individuals with MS. Cognitive impairment is also common in MS, with a prevalence of around 40 to 65%, with the cognitive functions most vulnerable being attention, processing speed, memory, visuospatial and executive functions. The main aim of this study is to assess whether fatigue impacts the cognitive impairment portrayed in MS or cognitive deficits are independent of fatigue. In order to investigate this matter, a total of 23 participants with MS were recruited (11 with the relapsing-remitting form, eight with secondary progressive form and three with the primary progressive form). Each participant was subjected to a neuropsychological assessment aimed at attention and processing speed, complemented with an assessment of fatigue and depressive symptoms. Our main results suggest that the cognitive deficits found in our sample are independent of fatigue. Although several studies have observed that fatigue and cognitive impairment are frequently present in individuals with MS, these symptoms are not associated and, as such, it cannot be inferred that fatigue explains differences in cognitive performance. We found that depressive symptoms are associated with fatigue and the sociodemographic variable age has an influence on processing speed. Given the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals with MS an early and adequate neuropsychological assessment is essential, in order to take measures to prevent further decline.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic degenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in MS, with a prevalence rate of 53 to 90%, being often accompanied by depression and anxiety, which can negatively influence cognition in individuals with MS. Cognitive impairment is also common in MS, with a prevalence of around 40 to 65%, with the cognitive functions most vulnerable being attention, processing speed, memory, visuospatial and executive functions. The main aim of this study is to assess whether fatigue impacts the cognitive impairment portrayed in MS or cognitive deficits are independent of fatigue. In order to investigate this matter, a total of 23 participants with MS were recruited (11 with the relapsing-remitting form, eight with secondary progressive form and three with the primary progressive form). Each participant was subjected to a neuropsychological assessment aimed at attention and processing speed, complemented with an assessment of fatigue and depressive symptoms. Our main results suggest that the cognitive deficits found in our sample are independent of fatigue. Although several studies have observed that fatigue and cognitive impairment are frequently present in individuals with MS, these symptoms are not associated and, as such, it cannot be inferred that fatigue explains differences in cognitive performance. We found that depressive symptoms are associated with fatigue and the sociodemographic variable age has an influence on processing speed. Given the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals with MS an early and adequate neuropsychological assessment is essential, in order to take measures to prevent further decline.
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Keywords
Esclerose múltipla Cognição Fadiga Depressão