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Aquatic ecosystem health has become a focus for global attention. Human population growth and climate variability are affecting both the quantity and quality of the water at a global scale. Despite the fact that Earth is the blue planet, only 3% of Earth's total water is freshwater, and only 0.03% is both accessible and suitable for human use. Estuarine and coastal ecosystems are the end points of continental discharges and pollutants, and are also being impacted by sea level rise. The recognition of the dimension of the threat led major world regions and economies to establish, often recently, protective regulations such as the Water Framework Directive in Europe (2000), the Water Law of the People's Republic of China (2002) or the Clean Water Act in the USA (1972).
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Chícharo, Luís. Erasmus Mundus Master Course in Ecohydrology - an opportunity for global water education challenges, Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, 12, 4, 269-270, 2012.