Publication
Unveiling the chemistry and bioactivity of bee products and their derivatives
| dc.contributor.author | Anjos, Ofélia | |
| dc.contributor.author | Miguel, Maria da Graça | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-10-04T08:51:41Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-10-04T08:51:41Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-08-29 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Apiculture, or beekeeping, refers to the cultivation and management of honey bees for honey and byproducts, including the extraction, bottling, and sale of hive products such as honey, propolis, royal jelly, bee venom, bee pollen, bee bread and other fermented bee products [1]. Honey is a supersaturated solution or semi-solid natural sweet product produced by both honey bees (Apis subfamily) and stingless bees (Meliponinae subfamily) from carbohydrate-containing exudates produced by plants, mainly from nectar sources. The most common honey bee is Apis mellifera L., whereas stingless bees comprise multiple genera, including Scaptotrigona, Melipona and Trigona, with the last two being the most domesticated worldwide [1,2,3]. Honeydew honey is also a sweet natural product produced by bees from honeydew (sugary substance that aphids release on the bark or other parts of plants after assimilating the lymph) [1,2,3,4]. Honey is a complex mixture of carbohydrates along with other less common components like vitamins, minerals, lipids, organic acids, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids, pigments, waxes, pollen grains, various enzymes, and other phytochemicals. The first method for identifying the botanical source of bee honey is pollen analysis. With this information, one may identify pollen grains and use them to describe the honey-producing region [5]. According to the pollen analysis, honeys can be classified as (a) monofloral/unifloral if honeys contain predominantly pollen grains from an unique plant species (≥45% of all nectariferous pollen grains counted); (b) bifloral honeys contain pollen grains from two plant species with a frequency of 15–45% per nectariferous species; (c) plurifloral/multifloral honeys contain pollen grains from three or more nectariferous plant species with frequencies in the 3–15% (important minor pollen types,) or <3% (minor pollen types) [5]. Moreover, at the moment, ISO/TC 34/SC 19—Bee Products is working on developing an ISO standard for this purpose. | eng |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/foods14173058 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2304-8158 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27790 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.peerreviewed | yes | |
| dc.publisher | MDPI | |
| dc.relation | Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development | |
| dc.relation | Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development | |
| dc.relation | CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | Foods | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
| dc.title | Unveiling the chemistry and bioactivity of bee products and their derivatives | eng |
| dc.type | journal article | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| oaire.awardTitle | Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development | |
| oaire.awardTitle | Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development | |
| oaire.awardTitle | CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute | |
| oaire.awardURI | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F05183%2F2020/PT | |
| oaire.awardURI | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F05183%2F2020/PT | |
| oaire.awardURI | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0121%2F2020/PT | |
| oaire.citation.issue | 17 | |
| oaire.citation.startPage | 3058 | |
| oaire.citation.title | Foods | |
| oaire.citation.volume | 14 | |
| oaire.fundingStream | 6817 - DCRRNI ID | |
| oaire.fundingStream | 6817 - DCRRNI ID | |
| oaire.fundingStream | 6817 - DCRRNI ID | |
| oaire.version | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |
| person.familyName | Miguel | |
| person.givenName | Maria da Graça | |
| person.identifier.ciencia-id | 6110-6FE7-DF28 | |
| person.identifier.orcid | 0000-0003-2507-4228 | |
| person.identifier.scopus-author-id | 35562054500 | |
| project.funder.identifier | http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 | |
| project.funder.identifier | http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 | |
| project.funder.identifier | http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 | |
| project.funder.name | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | |
| project.funder.name | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | |
| project.funder.name | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | |
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