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N,N '-dimethyl-N,N '-dicyclohexylsuccinamide: A novel molecule for the separation and recovery of Pd(II) by liquid-liquid extraction

2018-08Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorCosta, Maria Clara
dc.contributor.authorAssunção, Ana
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Rúben
dc.contributor.authorRosa da Costa, Ana
dc.contributor.authorNogueira, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorPaiva, Ana Paula
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-07T14:52:45Z
dc.date.available2018-12-07T14:52:45Z
dc.date.issued2018-08
dc.description.abstractN,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dicyclohexylsuccinamide (DMDCHSA) is investigated as a potential molecule for the liquid-liquid extraction of Pd(II) from chloride solutions for the first time. The effect of several parameters on Pd(II) extraction, such as the contact period between both phases, hydrochloric acid, extractant and hydrogen ion concentrations, is evaluated. Pd(II) extraction equilibrium is very fast (30 s) and the extraction percentage (%E) increases with the HCI concentration in the aqueous phases, being higher than 60% for [HCl] > 5 M. The loading capacity of DMDCHSA for Pd(II) is reasonable (molar ratio extractant/metal higher than 16). Several stripping agents (e.g. distilled water, 1 M HCl, seawater and 20 g/L chloride solution as NaCl) were successfully used to transfer Pd(II) to a new aqueous phase, and data obtained from five successive extraction-stripping cycles suggest a good DMDCHSA stability pattern. Attempts to replace 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) by commercial and more environmentally friendly diluents showed much worse %E for Pd(II). Selectivity tests with binary, ternary and more complex metal ion solutions were carried out to evaluate the performance of DMDCHSA towards Pd(II) recovery from 6 M HCl, when in presence of Pt(IV), Fe(III), Zn(II), Al(III) and Ce(III), metal ions usually present in solutions that may result from the hydrometallurgical treatment of spent automobile catalytic converters. It was generally observed that the additional metal ions do not affect the recovery of Pd(II) by DMDCHSA, although Fe(III) and Pt(IV) were co-extracted in a great extent. A solvent extraction (SX) scheme is proposed, based on a previous separation of Fe(III) with tributylphosphate (TBP) and on the selective and sequential stripping of Pt(IV) and Pd(II) from the loaded DMDCHSA with 0.01 M thiourea in 0.5 M HCI and seawater, respectively. The dependence of the Pd(II) distribution ratios on DMDCHSA and acidity, complemented with UV-Visible spectroscopy data, points out to DMDCHSA:Pd(II) extracted species with a 2:1 molar ratio and suggests the occurrence of an outer-sphere ion pair reaction, in which both [PdCl4](2-) and HCI are extracted.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.seppur.2018.02.050
dc.identifier.issn1383-5866
dc.identifier.issn1873-3794
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/11195
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier Science Bv
dc.subjectHydrochloric-Acid Solutions
dc.subjectPlatinum-Group Metals
dc.subjectSpent Automobile Catalyst
dc.subjectSolvent-Extraction
dc.subjectChloride Media
dc.subjectGroup Elements
dc.subjectLeach Liquors
dc.subjectPalladium(Ii)
dc.subjectRhodium
dc.subjectThiodiglycolamide
dc.titleN,N '-dimethyl-N,N '-dicyclohexylsuccinamide: A novel molecule for the separation and recovery of Pd(II) by liquid-liquid extraction
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/3599-PPCDT/PTDC%2FQUI-QUI%2F109970%2F2009/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/UID%2FMulti%2F04326%2F2013/PT
oaire.citation.endPage105
oaire.citation.startPage96
oaire.citation.titleSeparation and Purification Technology
oaire.citation.volume201
oaire.fundingStream3599-PPCDT
oaire.fundingStream5876
person.familyNameCosta
person.familyNameAssunção
person.familyNameRosa da Costa
person.givenNameMaria Clara
person.givenNameAna
person.givenNameAna M
person.identifier305029
person.identifier.ciencia-id7110-A28E-3C8A
person.identifier.ciencia-idA418-A85E-5DB1
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1340-5237
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2519-2817
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0225-9537
person.identifier.ridM-6189-2013
person.identifier.ridE-2165-2012
person.identifier.scopus-author-id35354952400
person.identifier.scopus-author-id18036433200
person.identifier.scopus-author-id53986075100
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccess
rcaap.typearticle
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