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Tratamento de tumores com recurso a radiações. Uso de complexos com radionuclídeos
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| 1.58 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O cancro é atualmente considerado a segunda maior causa de morte em Portugal. Caracteriza-se por um crescimento celular desregulado, levando à formação de tumores, que por sua vez, podem invadir outros tecidos e órgãos próximos por infiltração ou até proliferar para outras zonas do corpo através de metástases. Devido à grande diversidade de mecanismos de crescimento e diversas respostas de cada doente às diferentes terapias existentes, o tratamento do cancro continua a ser um grande desafio nos dias de hoje. A grande preocupação na comunidade científica passa por encontrar o equilíbrio certo entre o controle do tumor e a lesão de tecidos normais, tendo em conta que todas as terapêuticas atualmente existentes afetam também em grande parte os tecidos saudáveis do corpo, dando origem a graves efeitos indesejáveis. Diversos radionuclídeos metálicos têm mostrado um elevado potencial nesta área da medicina, quer em diagnóstico, quer em terapêutica ou ainda combinando as duas funções. Estes radionuclídeos, normalmente na forma de iões metálicos, se combinados com ligandos adequados, permitem que a radiação emitida, tais como radiação gama resultante da emissão de positrões ou decaimento radioativo, ou radiação beta, que ocorre junto, ou no próprio tecido afetado, leve a melhores resultados quer em termos de imagiologia quer em termos de terapêutica. A química de coordenação surge assim como um fator-chave no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos, bem como na compreensão do seu comportamento in vivo. Ao longo desta monografia é avaliado o potencial da terapêutica com radiofármacos seletivos, bem como o seu uso em imagiologia, sendo abordados exemplos de diversos complexos que ilustram as suas diferentes características e potencialidades.
Cancer is currently considered the second leading cause of death in Portugal. It is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, leading to the formation of tumors, which in turn can invade other nearby tissues and organs through infiltration or even spread to other parts of the body by metastasis. Due to the wide variety of growth mechanisms and individual responses of each patient to different existing therapies, cancer treatment remains a major challenge today. The main concern in the scientific community is to find the right balance between tumor control and injury to normal tissues, considering that all currently existing therapies also largely affect healthy tissues in the body, leading to serious undesirable side effects. Various metallic radionuclides have shown high potential in this area of medicine, both in diagnosis and therapy, or even combining both functions. These radionuclides, usually in the form of metal ions, when combined with suitable ligands, allow the emitted radiation, such as gamma radiation resulting from positron emission or radioactive decay, or beta radiation that occurs in or near the affected tissue itself, leading to better results in terms of imaging and therapy. Thus coordination chemistry emerges as a key factor in the development of new drugs, as well as in understanding their in vivo behavior. Throughout this monography, the potential of selective radiotherapeutics is evaluated, as well as their use in imaging and is also discussed some of the different characteristics and potentials of this complexes.
Cancer is currently considered the second leading cause of death in Portugal. It is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, leading to the formation of tumors, which in turn can invade other nearby tissues and organs through infiltration or even spread to other parts of the body by metastasis. Due to the wide variety of growth mechanisms and individual responses of each patient to different existing therapies, cancer treatment remains a major challenge today. The main concern in the scientific community is to find the right balance between tumor control and injury to normal tissues, considering that all currently existing therapies also largely affect healthy tissues in the body, leading to serious undesirable side effects. Various metallic radionuclides have shown high potential in this area of medicine, both in diagnosis and therapy, or even combining both functions. These radionuclides, usually in the form of metal ions, when combined with suitable ligands, allow the emitted radiation, such as gamma radiation resulting from positron emission or radioactive decay, or beta radiation that occurs in or near the affected tissue itself, leading to better results in terms of imaging and therapy. Thus coordination chemistry emerges as a key factor in the development of new drugs, as well as in understanding their in vivo behavior. Throughout this monography, the potential of selective radiotherapeutics is evaluated, as well as their use in imaging and is also discussed some of the different characteristics and potentials of this complexes.
Description
Keywords
Cancro Radiação Radiofármacos Compostos de coordenação Imagiologia