Loading...
Publication
Efeitos da observação na perceção da alcançabilidade horizontal da criança
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1008.98 KB | Adobe PDF | |||
| 5.45 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
No presente estudo pretendemos investigar o potencial efeito da observação na perceção da alcançabilidade horizontal da criança. Por outras palavras, procurámos perceber como crianças e adultos ajustam o seu comportamento, sob diferentes condições de observação, para resolver uma tarefa que implicava perceber a capacidade de salto da criança. Participaram no estudo nove adultos e nove crianças com idades compreendidas entre os três e os cinco anos. Agrupámos os participantes em pares (criança-adulto) e cada criança foi convidada a atravessar um “rio de crocodilos”, o mais rápido possível, pisando apenas em “pedras” colocadas no chão pelo seu parceiro(a) adulto(a). Contudo, diferentes condições de observação foram apresentadas aos adultos: A - dispor as “pedras” e não observar a criança a realizar a tarefa, B - dispor as “pedras” e observar a criança a realizar a tarefa e C - dispor as pedras à medida que a criança avança no percurso. A realização da tarefa foi filmada e os dados analisados posteriormente através do preenchimento de fichas de observação. As variáveis analisadas focaram-se em parâmetros da tarefa relacionados com o comportamento da criança e do adulto. A análise descritiva destes dados foi realizada através do software Excel 2010 que permitiu calcular os totais para cada variável do estudo, agrupá-los por grupo de idade (das crianças) e compará-los entre condições de observação. Verificámos os diferentes grupos etários apresentaram diferentes tempos totais de realização da tarefa, bem como diferentes amplitudes de passada, níveis de equilíbrio, frequências de passada e estratégias comportamentais. Os resultados parecem sugerir que a idade e fatores antropométricos condicionam a realização da tarefa. Revelam ainda que o adulto parece ter influência na forma como a tarefa é desenvolvida, podendo facilitá-la ou dificultá-la (sub- ou sobrestimando), e cabe depois a cada criança realizá-la de acordo com as suas efetivas capacidades.
In the present study, we intended to investigate the potential effect of observation on the child's perception of horizontal reachability. In other words, we sought to understand how children and adults adjust their behaviour, under different observation conditions, to solve a task that involves realizing the child's jumping ability. Nine adults and nine children aged between three and five took part in the study. We grouped the participants in pairs (child-adult) and each child was invited to cross a “crocodile river” or as soon as possible by stepping only on “stones” placed on the floor by their adult partner. However, different observation conditions were allowed for adults: A - disposing as "stones" and not observing a child performing a task, B - disposing as "stones" and observing a child performing a task and C - disposing as stones at the as the child progresses along the way. The accomplishment of the task was filmed and the data analysed after completing the observation forms. The variables analysed focused on task parameters related to child and adult behavior. A descriptive analysis of these data was performed using Excel 2010 software, which allowed the calculation of the total values for each study variable, grouping by age group (children) and comparing the observation conditions. We verified the different age groups showed different times-to-perform the task, as well as different stepping lengths, equilibrium, step frequencies and behavioural strategies. The results seem to suggest that age and anthropometric factors condition the accomplishment of the task. It also reveals that the adult seems to have an influence on the way the task is performed, making it easier or harder (under- or overestimating), and It is then up to each child to do it according to his or her actual abilities..
In the present study, we intended to investigate the potential effect of observation on the child's perception of horizontal reachability. In other words, we sought to understand how children and adults adjust their behaviour, under different observation conditions, to solve a task that involves realizing the child's jumping ability. Nine adults and nine children aged between three and five took part in the study. We grouped the participants in pairs (child-adult) and each child was invited to cross a “crocodile river” or as soon as possible by stepping only on “stones” placed on the floor by their adult partner. However, different observation conditions were allowed for adults: A - disposing as "stones" and not observing a child performing a task, B - disposing as "stones" and observing a child performing a task and C - disposing as stones at the as the child progresses along the way. The accomplishment of the task was filmed and the data analysed after completing the observation forms. The variables analysed focused on task parameters related to child and adult behavior. A descriptive analysis of these data was performed using Excel 2010 software, which allowed the calculation of the total values for each study variable, grouping by age group (children) and comparing the observation conditions. We verified the different age groups showed different times-to-perform the task, as well as different stepping lengths, equilibrium, step frequencies and behavioural strategies. The results seem to suggest that age and anthropometric factors condition the accomplishment of the task. It also reveals that the adult seems to have an influence on the way the task is performed, making it easier or harder (under- or overestimating), and It is then up to each child to do it according to his or her actual abilities..
Description
Keywords
Adulto Criança Observação Perceção e alcançabilidade