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Reduzir o estigma e distanciamento social associado à perturbação obsessivo-compulsiva: Eficácia de um programa para aumento da literacia dirigido a profissionais de saúde
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| 12.17 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A Perturbação Obsessivo-Compulsiva (POC) afeta cerca de 1 em cada 40 adultos, sendo a quarta perturbação mental mais comum, e já foi colocada pela OMS na lista das
dez condições mais debilitantes em todo o mundo. Em Portugal a prevalência anual de POC ronda os 4,4%. A associação entre a falta de conhecimento acerca desta perturbação, que é frequentemente subdiagnosticada, as crenças negativas e os fatores inerentes ao estigma levam ao atraso na procura de tratamento. É por isto imperativo aumentar a Literacia em Saúde Mental (LSM), de modo a transmitir e difundir informação clara e rigorosa.
Com este estudo, na versão piloto, pretendemos, além de conhecer os níveis de LSM na amostra, avaliar a viabilidade de um programa de intervenção, com o objetivo
de aumentar a literacia na POC (reduzir o estigma e distância social e aumentar o conhecimento e a intenção de procura de ajuda), aplicado a profissionais de instituições
de saúde, através da disponibilização de vídeos informativos, criados para o efeito, com recurso a meios digitais. Completaram o estudo 58 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 25 e 67 anos, 43 mulheres e 15 homens. Os resultados mostraram que os níveis de literacia inicias podem ser melhorados nestes profissionais. A intervenção apresentou poucos resultados estatisticamente significativos, e uma elevada mortalidade da amostra, contudo, verificou-se uma tendência de melhoria após a intervenção. Enquadrado nos requisitos de estudo piloto, identificámos e propomos algumas alterações para a aplicação deste programa em maior escala. Concluímos que é viável a aplicação de programas de intervenção para aumento de literacia na POC neste formato, e que é importante incluir as suas várias dimensões. Os conteúdos deverão ser adaptados aos constructos da literacia que se pretendem melhorar, bem como ter em consideração as características sociodemográficas do público-alvo que se que se pretende alcançar.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) affects about 1 in 40 adults, being the fourth most common mental disorder, and has previously belonged to the list of the ten most debilitating conditions worldwide according to the WHO. In Portugal, the annual prevalence of OCD, is around 4.4%. The association between the lack of knowledge about this disorder, which is often underdiagnosed, the negative beliefs, and the factors inherent to stigma leads to a delay in seeking treatment. It is therefore imperative to increase Mental Health Literacy (MHL), to transmit and disseminate clear and accurate information. With this study, in the pilot version, we intend, in addition to knowing the levels of MHL in the sample, to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention program, to increase literacy about OCD (reducing stigma and social distance and increasing knowledge and intention to seek help) having been applied to professionals in health institutions, providing informative videos created for this sole purpose, using digital media. 58 individuals aged between 25 and 67 completed the study, 43 women and 15 men. The results showed that initial literacy levels can be improved in these professionals. The intervention presented few statistically significant results, and a high mortality rate in the sample, however, there was a tendency for improvement after the intervention. As part of the pilot study requirement, we identified and proposed some changes for the application of this program on a larger scale. We conclude that it is feasible to apply intervention programs to increase literacy in POC in this format and that it is important to include its various dimensions. The contents should be adapted to the literacy constructs that are intended to be improved, as well as consider the sociodemographic characteristics of the target audience that is intended to be reached
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) affects about 1 in 40 adults, being the fourth most common mental disorder, and has previously belonged to the list of the ten most debilitating conditions worldwide according to the WHO. In Portugal, the annual prevalence of OCD, is around 4.4%. The association between the lack of knowledge about this disorder, which is often underdiagnosed, the negative beliefs, and the factors inherent to stigma leads to a delay in seeking treatment. It is therefore imperative to increase Mental Health Literacy (MHL), to transmit and disseminate clear and accurate information. With this study, in the pilot version, we intend, in addition to knowing the levels of MHL in the sample, to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention program, to increase literacy about OCD (reducing stigma and social distance and increasing knowledge and intention to seek help) having been applied to professionals in health institutions, providing informative videos created for this sole purpose, using digital media. 58 individuals aged between 25 and 67 completed the study, 43 women and 15 men. The results showed that initial literacy levels can be improved in these professionals. The intervention presented few statistically significant results, and a high mortality rate in the sample, however, there was a tendency for improvement after the intervention. As part of the pilot study requirement, we identified and proposed some changes for the application of this program on a larger scale. We conclude that it is feasible to apply intervention programs to increase literacy in POC in this format and that it is important to include its various dimensions. The contents should be adapted to the literacy constructs that are intended to be improved, as well as consider the sociodemographic characteristics of the target audience that is intended to be reached
Description
Keywords
Obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) Mental health literacy (mhl) Stigma Social distance