Bounding anisotropic Lorentz invariance violation from measurements of the effective energy scale of quantum gravity

Guerrero, Merce; Campoy-Ordaz, Anna; Potting, Robertus; Gaug, Markus

Publication

Bounding anisotropic Lorentz invariance violation from measurements of the effective energy scale of quantum gravity

2025-11-04Journal article

dc.contributor.author	Guerrero, Merce
dc.contributor.author	Campoy-Ordaz, Anna
dc.contributor.author	Potting, Robertus
dc.contributor.author	Gaug, Markus
dc.date.accessioned	2025-12-12T13:27:44Z
dc.date.available	2025-12-12T13:27:44Z
dc.date.issued	2025-11-04
dc.description.abstract	Observations of energy-dependent photon time delays from distant flaring sources provide significant constraints on Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). Such effects originate from modified vacuum dispersion relations causing differences in propagation times for photons emitted simultaneously from gamma-ray bursts, active galactic nuclei, or pulsars. These modifications are often parametrized within a general framework by an effective quantum gravity energy scale EQG;n. While such general constraints are well established in the LIV literature, their translation into specific coefficients of alternative theoretical frameworks, such as the Standard-Model extension (SME), is rarely carried out. In particular, existing bounds on the quadratic case (n ¼ 2) of EQG;n can be systematically converted into constraints on the nonbirefringent, CPT-conserving SME coefficients c ð6Þ ðIÞjm. This work provides a concise overview of the relevant SME formalism and introduces a transparent conversion method from EQG;2 to SME parameters. We review the most stringent time-of-flight-based bounds on EQG;n and standardize them by accounting for systematics, applying missing prefactors, and transforming results into two-sided Gaussian uncertainties where needed. We then use these standardized constraints, along with additional bounds from the literature, to improve bounds on the individual SME coefficients of the photon sector by about an order of magnitude. A consistent methodology is developed to perform this conversion from the general LIV framework to the SME formalism.	eng
dc.description.sponsorship	HORIZONMSCA2021-SE-01; PID2022-139117NB-C43; MCIN/ 705AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER
dc.identifier.doi	10.1103/k3xg-wkrc
dc.identifier.eissn	2470-0029
dc.identifier.issn	2470-0010
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27949
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.peerreviewed	yes
dc.publisher	American Physical Society (APS)
dc.relation	Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications
dc.relation.ispartof	Physical Review D
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.title	Bounding anisotropic Lorentz invariance violation from measurements of the effective energy scale of quantum gravity	eng
dc.type	journal article
dspace.entity.type	Publication
oaire.awardTitle	Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications
oaire.awardURI	info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FMAT%2F04106%2F2019/PT
oaire.citation.issue	10
oaire.citation.startPage	104002
oaire.citation.title	Physical Review D (particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology)
oaire.citation.volume	112
oaire.fundingStream	6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.version	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyName	Potting
person.givenName	Robertus
person.identifier.ciencia-id	2918-1063-F874
person.identifier.orcid	0000-0001-6915-3994
person.identifier.rid	K-8704-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id	7003735743
project.funder.identifier	http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.name	Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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