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Funções executivas e motivação para a mudança, em sujeitos com obesidade
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Abstract(s)
A crescente prevalência da obesidade, associada às suas múltiplas comorbilidades, evidencia a necessidade de se desenvolverem intervenções eficazes tanto a nível da sua prevenção como do seu tratamento. A modificação de hábitos desajustados e a adoção de comportamentos saudáveis dependem de várias funções executivas que, muitas vezes, surgem comprometidas em sujeitos obesos, interferindo com a sua motivação e influenciando a adesão ao tratamento.
O presente estudo objetivou estudar a relação entre funcionamento executivo e motivação para a mudança em indivíduos com obesidade. Além disso, procurou explorar a possível associação entre motivação para a mudança e a presença de comorbilidades, bem como a relação entre motivação para a mudança e reserva cognitiva.
A amostra é constituída por 30 indivíduos obesos, com idades compreendidas entre os 22 e os 56 anos, cuja média de idades é de 43.67 anos e a média de IMC é de 42.11kg/m2. Os participantes foram submetidos a uma avaliação neuropsicológica utilizando o M-WCST, o Teste de Stroop, o IGT e o TMT. A motivação para a mudança foi avaliada através da URICA, e a reserva cognitiva pelo CRIq. Adicionalmente, aplicou-se ainda o SCL-90-R para avaliar o ajustamento emocional dos participantes.
Os resultados não evidenciaram correlações estatisticamente significativas entre as medidas de funcionamento executivo e a motivação para a mudança. Contudo, observou-se uma correlação positiva entre a motivação para a mudança e as atividades de tempo livre relacionadas à reserva cognitiva, bem como entre a motivação para a mudança e a subescala de depressão do SCL-90-R.
A investigação sublinha a importância de intervenções personalizadas e multidisciplinares que considerem o contexto do indivíduo, bem como as suas capacidades cognitivas e emocionais, visando promover mudanças comportamentais sustentáveis em indivíduos com obesidade, garantindo o seu bem-estar físico e psicológico.
The rising prevalence of obesity, along with its multiple comorbidities, highlights the need to develop effective interventions both for its prevention and treatment. The modification of maladaptive habits and the adoption of healthy behaviors depend on various executive functions, which are often impaired in obese individuals, thus affecting their motivation and influencing treatment adherence. This study aimed to examine the relationship between executive functioning and readiness for change in individuals with obesity. Furthermore, it sought to explore the potential association between readiness for change and the presence of comorbidities, as well as the relationship between readiness for change and cognitive reserve. The sample consists of 30 obese individuals, aged between 22 and 56 years, with a mean of 43.67 years and a mean BMI of 42.11 kg/m². Participants underwent neuropsychological assessment using the M-WCST, Stroop Test, IGT, and TMT. Readiness for change was assessed using the URICA, and cognitive reserve was measured through the CRIq. Additionally, the SCL-90-R was applied to evaluate the participants' emotional adjustment. The results did not show statistically significant correlations between executive functioning measures and readiness for change. However, a positive correlation was observed between readiness for change and leisure activities related to cognitive reserve, as well as between readiness for change and the depression subscale of the SCL-90-R. The study highlights the importance of personalized and multidisciplinary interventions that consider the individual’s context, as well as their cognitive and emotional capacities, aiming to promote sustainable behavioral changes in individuals with obesity, ensuring their physical and psychological well-being.
The rising prevalence of obesity, along with its multiple comorbidities, highlights the need to develop effective interventions both for its prevention and treatment. The modification of maladaptive habits and the adoption of healthy behaviors depend on various executive functions, which are often impaired in obese individuals, thus affecting their motivation and influencing treatment adherence. This study aimed to examine the relationship between executive functioning and readiness for change in individuals with obesity. Furthermore, it sought to explore the potential association between readiness for change and the presence of comorbidities, as well as the relationship between readiness for change and cognitive reserve. The sample consists of 30 obese individuals, aged between 22 and 56 years, with a mean of 43.67 years and a mean BMI of 42.11 kg/m². Participants underwent neuropsychological assessment using the M-WCST, Stroop Test, IGT, and TMT. Readiness for change was assessed using the URICA, and cognitive reserve was measured through the CRIq. Additionally, the SCL-90-R was applied to evaluate the participants' emotional adjustment. The results did not show statistically significant correlations between executive functioning measures and readiness for change. However, a positive correlation was observed between readiness for change and leisure activities related to cognitive reserve, as well as between readiness for change and the depression subscale of the SCL-90-R. The study highlights the importance of personalized and multidisciplinary interventions that consider the individual’s context, as well as their cognitive and emotional capacities, aiming to promote sustainable behavioral changes in individuals with obesity, ensuring their physical and psychological well-being.
Description
Keywords
Obesidade Funcionamento executivo Motivação para a mudança Reserva cognitiva