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Redução de crenças obsessivas. Estudo comparativo dos resultados do treino de modificação do viés cognitivo vs. exposição num impulso de agressão
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Antecedentes: O treino de modificação do viés cognitivo (CBM-I) foi desenvolvido para ajudar a estabelecer o papel causal do processamento cognitivo na manutenção de perturbações psicopatológicas. Objetivo: No presente estudo propusemo-nos comparar um paradigma de treino de modificação de viés cognitivo, concebido para modificar o viés de interpretação associado às crenças de tipo obsessivo-compulsivo (OC), com a exposição, considerada a técnica mais eficaz para a redução dos sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos, na resposta dos indivíduos perante um impulso de agressão. Método: Foram selecionados a partir do Inventário de Intrusões Obsessivas (ROII), 60 indivíduos sem diagnóstico psicopatológico que informassem ter experienciado pelo menos uma intrusão de agressão na vida. Os participantes, maioritariamente licenciados, residentes no Algarve e com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 56 anos, foram aleatoriamente atribuídos a duas condições experimentais: treino de modificação do viés cognitivo (CBM-I) e exposição. Foi avaliado o efeito de ambas as técnicas em medidas de viés de interpretação, crenças obsessivas, sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos e na resposta perante intrusões de agressão. Resultados: Os participantes de ambas as condições evidenciaram uma redução nas crenças OC após a manipulação experimental; no entanto, o viés de interpretação diminuiu apenas nos participantes do treino CBM-I. Conclusões: ambas as estratégias parecem eficazes para modificar de forma seletiva as crenças OC, no entanto apenas o treino CBM-I parece modificar o viés de interpretação de crenças de importância e necessidade de controlar o pensamento.
Background: Cognitive bias modification training (CBM-I) was developed to help establish the causal role of cognitive processing in the maintenance of psychopathological disorders. Objective: In the present study we proposed to compare a cognitive bias modification training paradigm, designed to modify the interpretation bias associated with obsessive-compulsive (OC) beliefs, with exposure, considered the most effective technique for reducing the obsessive-compulsive symptoms, in the response of the individuals before an impulse of aggression. Method: 60 individuals without psychopathological diagnosis were selected from the Inventory of Obsessive Intrusions (ROII) who reported experiencing at least one intrusion of aggression in life. The participants was mostly with a degree, residents in Algarve and were between 18 and 56 years old, were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: training of cognitive bias modification (CBM-I) and exposure. We evaluated the effect of both techniques on measures of interpretation bias, obsessive beliefs, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and response to aggression intrusions. Results: Participants of both conditions evidenced a reduction in OC beliefs after experimental manipulation; however, the interpretation bias decreased only in CBM-I training participants. Conclusions: Both strategies seem to be effective in selectively modifying OC beliefs. However, only CBM-I training seems to modify the belief interpretation bias of importance and need to control thoughts
Background: Cognitive bias modification training (CBM-I) was developed to help establish the causal role of cognitive processing in the maintenance of psychopathological disorders. Objective: In the present study we proposed to compare a cognitive bias modification training paradigm, designed to modify the interpretation bias associated with obsessive-compulsive (OC) beliefs, with exposure, considered the most effective technique for reducing the obsessive-compulsive symptoms, in the response of the individuals before an impulse of aggression. Method: 60 individuals without psychopathological diagnosis were selected from the Inventory of Obsessive Intrusions (ROII) who reported experiencing at least one intrusion of aggression in life. The participants was mostly with a degree, residents in Algarve and were between 18 and 56 years old, were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: training of cognitive bias modification (CBM-I) and exposure. We evaluated the effect of both techniques on measures of interpretation bias, obsessive beliefs, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and response to aggression intrusions. Results: Participants of both conditions evidenced a reduction in OC beliefs after experimental manipulation; however, the interpretation bias decreased only in CBM-I training participants. Conclusions: Both strategies seem to be effective in selectively modifying OC beliefs. However, only CBM-I training seems to modify the belief interpretation bias of importance and need to control thoughts
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Keywords
Modificação do viés cognitivo Perturbação obsessivo-compulsiva Crenças disfuncionais Exposição com prevenção de resposta Pensamentos intrusivos