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Diversity of Phytophthora Species from Declining Mediterranean Maquis Vegetation, including Two New Species, Phytophthora crassamura and P. ornamentata sp nov.

2015-12Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorScanu, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorLinaldeddu, Benedetto T.
dc.contributor.authorDeidda, Antonio
dc.contributor.authorJung, Thomas
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-07T14:52:55Z
dc.date.available2018-12-07T14:52:55Z
dc.date.issued2015-12
dc.description.abstractThe Mediterranean basin is recognized as a global biodiversity hotspot accounting for more than 25,000 plant species that represent almost 10% of the world's vascular flora. In particular, the maquis vegetation on Mediterranean islands and archipelagos constitutes an important resource of the Mediterranean plant diversity due to its high rate of endemism. Since 2009, a severe and widespread dieback and mortality of Quercus ilex trees and several other plant species of the Mediterranean maquis has been observed in the National Park of La Maddalena archipelago (northeast Sardinia, Italy). Infected plants showed severe decline symptoms and a significant reduction of natural regeneration. First studies revealed the involvement of the highly invasive wide-host range pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi and several fungal pathogens. Subsequent detailed research led to a better understanding of these epidemics showing that multiple Phytophthora spp. were involved, some of them unknown to science. In total, nine Phytophthora species were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples collected from around symptomatic trees and shrubs including Asparagus albus, Cistus sp., Juniperus phoenicea, J. oxycedrus, Pistacia lentiscus and Rhamnus alaternus. Based on morphological characters, growth-temperature relations and sequence analysis of the ITS and cox1 gene regions, the isolates were identified as Phytophthora asparagi, P. bilorbang, P. cinnamomi, P. cryptogea, P. gonapodyides, P. melonis, P. syringae and two new Clade 6 taxa which are here described as P. crassamura sp. nov. and P. ornamentata sp. nov. Pathogenicity tests supported their possible involvement in the severe decline that is currently threatening the Mediterranean maquis vegetation in the La Maddalena archipelago.
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Park of the La Maddalena archipelago; Sardinian Regional Government; Autonomous Region of Sardinia, Visiting Professor Programme at the University of Sassari, Italy
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0143234
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/11263
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectWestern-Australia
dc.subjectNatural ecosystems
dc.subjectEucalyptus-Marginata
dc.subjectOak decline
dc.subjectCinnamomi
dc.subjectPathogen
dc.subjectMultiple
dc.subjectMelonis
dc.subjectForest
dc.subjectPlants
dc.titleDiversity of Phytophthora Species from Declining Mediterranean Maquis Vegetation, including Two New Species, Phytophthora crassamura and P. ornamentata sp nov.
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue12
oaire.citation.startPagee0143234
oaire.citation.titlePLoS ONE
oaire.citation.volume10
person.familyNameJung
person.givenNameThomas
person.identifier.ciencia-id6A14-0727-EDCD
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2034-0718
person.identifier.ridF-1665-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7201389242
rcaap.rightsopenAccess
rcaap.typearticle
relation.isAuthorOfPublication76dbda58-7585-45f6-82f3-0ffee7fa58b1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery76dbda58-7585-45f6-82f3-0ffee7fa58b1

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