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Óleos essenciais de Melaleuca alternifolia e o seu interesse em cosmética
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Abstract(s)
Os óleos essenciais (OEs) possuem um grande interesse na indústria cosmética, estando presentes em vários produtos cosméticos e cosmecêuticos devido às suas propriedades aromáticas e conservantes. Para além disso estes também são apelativos para o consumidor pelo facto de serem ingredientes de origem natural, o que faz com que estes sejam percecionados como ingredientes seguros.
Um dos OEs mais utilizados neste contexto é o Tea Tree Oil (TTO), o qual é obtido a partir da destilação por arrastamento de vapor de folhas e ramos terminais de plantas do género Melaleuca, nomeadamente a partir da espécie Melaleuca alternifolia nativa do território australiano. O TTO é bastante conhecido pelas suas propriedades biológicas como a sua atividade antimicrobiana, anti-inflamatória e antioxidante, as quais são principalmente atribuídas ao seu componente maioritário, o terpinen-4-ol. À conta destas características o TTO tem sido alvo de vários estudos com o intuito de averiguar o seu interesse e sua aplicabilidade na acne, dermatite seborreica, envelhecimento cutâneo, saúde oral, onicomicose e higiene das mãos. Contudo, ao mesmo tempo o TTO pode estar associado a algumas reações adversas como as dermatites de contacto e reações de hipersensibilidade. Assim o objetivo desta dissertação é descrever o uso do TTO em produtos cosméticos e cosmecêuticos, a sua composição e propriedades biológicas, bem como as principais reações adversas associadas à sua utilização. Serão também abordados aspetos relacionados com a produção do TTO e a legislação dos produtos cosméticos e cosmecêuticos.
Essential oils (OEs) are of great interest in the cosmetic industry, being present in several cosmetics and cosmeceuticals due to their aromatic and preservative properties. In addition, they are also appealing to the consumer as they are natural ingredients, which makes them be perceived as safe ingredients. Tea tree oil (TTO) is one of the most used OEs in this context and is obtained by steam distillation of leaves and terminal branches of the genus Melaleuca, mostly of Melaleuca alternifolia species which are native to Australia. TTO is well known for its biological properties, such as its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, that are mainly attributed to its major component, terpinen-4-ol. Due to these characteristics, TTO has been the subject of many studies in order to evaluate its interest and application in acne, seborrheic dermatitis, skin aging, oral health, onychomycosis and hand hygiene. However, at the same time, TTO may be associated with some adverse reactions such as contact dermatitis and hypersensitivity reactions. Thus, the objective of this dissertation is to describe the use of TTO in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals, its composition and biological properties, as well as the main adverse reactions associated with its use. Aspects related to the production of TTO and legislation on cosmetics and cosmeceuticals will also be addressed.
Essential oils (OEs) are of great interest in the cosmetic industry, being present in several cosmetics and cosmeceuticals due to their aromatic and preservative properties. In addition, they are also appealing to the consumer as they are natural ingredients, which makes them be perceived as safe ingredients. Tea tree oil (TTO) is one of the most used OEs in this context and is obtained by steam distillation of leaves and terminal branches of the genus Melaleuca, mostly of Melaleuca alternifolia species which are native to Australia. TTO is well known for its biological properties, such as its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, that are mainly attributed to its major component, terpinen-4-ol. Due to these characteristics, TTO has been the subject of many studies in order to evaluate its interest and application in acne, seborrheic dermatitis, skin aging, oral health, onychomycosis and hand hygiene. However, at the same time, TTO may be associated with some adverse reactions such as contact dermatitis and hypersensitivity reactions. Thus, the objective of this dissertation is to describe the use of TTO in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals, its composition and biological properties, as well as the main adverse reactions associated with its use. Aspects related to the production of TTO and legislation on cosmetics and cosmeceuticals will also be addressed.
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Keywords
Australian tea tree Cosmecêuticos Cosméticos Melaleuca alternifólia Óleos essenciais Tea tree oil