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A importância da relação terapêutica na terapia psicodinâmica: o contributo da aliança e da relação real
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A literatura tem demonstrado a eficácia da relação terapêutica e dos seus componentes (i.e., Relação Real e Aliança Terapêutica) para os resultados positivos do processo terapêutico. Em termos clínicos, é importante averiguar o efeito destes componentes para os resultados, mas também se esse efeito pode variar ao longo do tempo. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar se o contributo da Aliança Terapêutica e da Relação Real para a evolução da sintomatologia e da Experiência Emocional varia ao longo do tempo. Participaram no estudo 55 adultos, maioritariamente do sexo feminino, que se encontravam em psicoterapia de orientação psicodinâmica (Terapia para a Fobia dos Afetos), com idades compreendidas entre os 19 e os 72 anos. Os clientes completaram os instrumentos WAI-SR, RRI, EE-SR e OQ-10 no final de cada sessão. Utilizando o Modelo Linear Hierárquico, os resultados revelaram a diminuição da sintomatologia e a estabilidade da experiência emocional. Relativamente à Aliança Terapêutica, apenas a dimensão de concordância com as tarefas pareceu ter um efeito significativo na diminuição da sintomatologia, que não dependeu do tempo. Ainda sobre a Aliança Terapêutica, apenas a dimensão de concordância com os objetivos teve um efeito significativo sobre a experiência emocional, que não dependeu do tempo. A Relação Real entre terapeuta e cliente demonstrou ter um efeito sobre a Experiência Emocional que depende do tempo, mas não revelou exercer efeito sobre a diminuição da sintomatologia. Com base nos resultados encontrados, são apresentadas algumas recomendações práticas sobre o que deve ser priorizado no processo terapêutico para melhorar os resultados terapêuticos.
Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the therapeutic relationship and its components (i.e., Real Relationship and Therapeutic Alliance) for positive outcomes of the therapeutic process. In clinical terms, it is important to investigate the effect of these components on outcomes, but also whether this effect may vary over time. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess whether the contribution of the Therapeutic Alliance and the Real Relationship to the evolution of symptomatology and Emotional Experience varies over time. The study included 55 adults, mostly female, in psychodynamically orientated psychotherapy (Affect Phobia Therapy), aged between 19 and 72 years old. Clients completed the WAI-SR, RRI, EE-SR and OQ-10 instruments at the end of each session. Using the Hierarchical Linear Model, the results showed a decrease in symptomatology and stability of emotional experience. Regarding the Therapeutic Alliance, only the dimension of agreement with the tasks seemed to have a significant effect on the decrease of symptomatology, which did not depend on the time of the session. Still on the Therapeutic Alliance, only the dimension of agreement with the goals had a significant effect on the emotional experience, which did not depend on time. The Real Relationship between therapist and client was shown to have a time-dependent effect on Emotional Experience but did not show an effect on symptomatology decrease. Based on the results found, some practical recommendations are presented on what should be prioritised in the therapeutic process to improve therapeutic outcomes.
Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the therapeutic relationship and its components (i.e., Real Relationship and Therapeutic Alliance) for positive outcomes of the therapeutic process. In clinical terms, it is important to investigate the effect of these components on outcomes, but also whether this effect may vary over time. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess whether the contribution of the Therapeutic Alliance and the Real Relationship to the evolution of symptomatology and Emotional Experience varies over time. The study included 55 adults, mostly female, in psychodynamically orientated psychotherapy (Affect Phobia Therapy), aged between 19 and 72 years old. Clients completed the WAI-SR, RRI, EE-SR and OQ-10 instruments at the end of each session. Using the Hierarchical Linear Model, the results showed a decrease in symptomatology and stability of emotional experience. Regarding the Therapeutic Alliance, only the dimension of agreement with the tasks seemed to have a significant effect on the decrease of symptomatology, which did not depend on the time of the session. Still on the Therapeutic Alliance, only the dimension of agreement with the goals had a significant effect on the emotional experience, which did not depend on time. The Real Relationship between therapist and client was shown to have a time-dependent effect on Emotional Experience but did not show an effect on symptomatology decrease. Based on the results found, some practical recommendations are presented on what should be prioritised in the therapeutic process to improve therapeutic outcomes.
Description
Keywords
Relação real Aliança terapêutica Sintomatologia Experiência emocional Terapia para a fobia dos afetos