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Alexitimia, processo de regulação emocional dual e problemas nas relações interpessoais: estudo exploratório na população com perturbação de uso de substâncias
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Abstract(s)
A alexitimia e a desregulação emocional são características das Perturbações de Uso de Substâncias (PUS) que têm consequências a nível das relações interpessoais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo (1) caracterizar a população com PUS nas dimensões do processo de regulação emocional e nos problemas destas pessoas nas relações interpessoais; (2) analisar a relação entre a alexitimia e os problemas nas relações interpessoais mediada pela regulação emocional implícita e a regulação emocional explícita (supressão e a reavaliação). Para tal, foi recolhida uma amostra de quarenta e quatro indivíduos com diagnóstico de PUS que se encontravam em tratamento em regime de internamento. A recolha foi realizada através de instrumentos de autorrelato para avaliar a alexitimia, as estratégias de regulação explicitas e os problemas nas relações e uma tarefa em computador que avalia a capacidade de regulação emocional implícita.
Os sujeitos com PUS apresentaram características alexitimicas, dificuldades a nível da regulação emocional implícita, recurso à supressão em detrimento da reavaliação e mais problemas nas relações interpessoais quando comparado com a população geral. Apesar de não se ter verificado a hipótese de mediação testada, constatou-se que a reavaliação e, parcialmente, a supressão, moderaram a relação entre a alexitimia e os problemas nas relações interpessoais. Conclui-se que para melhorar a qualidade das relações destes sujeitos, é necessário ajudá-los a reconhecer as suas emoções e a utilizar a reavaliação ao mesmo tempo que restringem o uso da supressão, dado o efeito adaptativo da primeira e o desadaptativo da segunda.
Alexithymia and emotional dysregulation are striking features of Substance Use Disorders (SUD) that brings consequences for the relationships of these individuals.This study aims (1) to characterize the population with SUD due to the diferent dimensions of the emotional regulation process and the problems in interpersonal relationships; Secondly (2) we intend to analyze whether alexithymia directly influences problems in interpersonal relationships, or through the mediation of implicit emotional regulation and explicit emotional regulation (emotional suppression and cognitive reevaluation). Thus, the sample was formed with 44 individuals with diagnosis of SUD, who were under treatment. We collected data using self-report instruments to assess alexithymia, explicit regulatory strategies and problems in relationships, and a computer task to assesses the capacity for implicit emotional regulation. According to the results, subjects with SUD have alexithymic characteristics and tend to use more emotional suppression as a strategy for emotional regulation, than cognitive reassessment. It is also possible to confirm difficulties in the implicit level of emotional regulation and more interpersonal problems, when compared to the general population. Although the mediation hypothesis was not verified, reevaluation and, partially, suppression, moderated the relation between alexithymia and problems in relationships. In order to improve the quality of these subjects’ relationships, it is necessary to help them recognize their emotions and use reevaluation while restricting the use of suppression, given the adaptive effect of the first and the maladaptive effect of the second.
Alexithymia and emotional dysregulation are striking features of Substance Use Disorders (SUD) that brings consequences for the relationships of these individuals.This study aims (1) to characterize the population with SUD due to the diferent dimensions of the emotional regulation process and the problems in interpersonal relationships; Secondly (2) we intend to analyze whether alexithymia directly influences problems in interpersonal relationships, or through the mediation of implicit emotional regulation and explicit emotional regulation (emotional suppression and cognitive reevaluation). Thus, the sample was formed with 44 individuals with diagnosis of SUD, who were under treatment. We collected data using self-report instruments to assess alexithymia, explicit regulatory strategies and problems in relationships, and a computer task to assesses the capacity for implicit emotional regulation. According to the results, subjects with SUD have alexithymic characteristics and tend to use more emotional suppression as a strategy for emotional regulation, than cognitive reassessment. It is also possible to confirm difficulties in the implicit level of emotional regulation and more interpersonal problems, when compared to the general population. Although the mediation hypothesis was not verified, reevaluation and, partially, suppression, moderated the relation between alexithymia and problems in relationships. In order to improve the quality of these subjects’ relationships, it is necessary to help them recognize their emotions and use reevaluation while restricting the use of suppression, given the adaptive effect of the first and the maladaptive effect of the second.
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Keywords
Perturbação do uso de substâncias Alexitimia Regulação emocional Problemas nas relações interpessoais