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A antecipação da velhice na meia-idade: uma perspetiva de género
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Abstract(s)
O propósito deste estudo é perceber como os adultos de meia-idade perspetivam a sua velhice e como as diversas perspetivas diferem conforme o género. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, pretende compreender se o processo de envelhecimento, a velhice e as perceções destes indivíduos são diferentes quando se toma uma perspetiva de género. Para a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas optou-se por utilizar a técnica “Framework Analysis” que, através das suas diversas etapas, ajuda a obter e a desenvolver uma análise profunda e integral das transcrições.
A amostra do estudo é composta por 24 participantes, dos quais 12 são mulheres e 12 são homens. Sendo a meia-idade um fator importante no estudo, os participantes têm idades compreendidas entre 44 e 66 anos.
Através destas entrevistas concluiu-se que a visão negativa sobre a velhice que, segundo os entrevistados, existe na sociedade portuguesa, não é partilhada pela generalidade dos próprios. As antecipações da velhice realizadas pelos entrevistados são diversificadas, afastando-se, por um lado, do imaginário social da quarta-idade (decadência, dependência, receção de cuidados) e, por outro lado, do modelo hegemónico do envelhecimento ativo. Também se conclui que são sobretudo as mulheres que acham que a velhice dos homens é diferente da velhice das mulheres, querendo isto dizer que são sobretudo as mulheres a acharem que a velhice é marcada pelo género. A velhice masculina é associada à inatividade, à ausência de preocupações, à necessidade de estabilidade financeira e à importância da atividade sexual, enquanto a velhice feminina é associada à atividade, à independência, à prestação de cuidados e aos efeitos positivos da menopausa. Explora-se a relevância destas conclusões do ponto de vista sociológico e do ponto de vista das políticas públicas.
The purpose of this study is to understand how middle-aged adults view their old age and how different perspectives differ according to gender. This is a qualitative study that, through semi-structured interviews, aims to understand whether the aging process, old age and the perceptions of these individuals are different when taking a gender perspective. For the analysis of the interviews, “Framework Analysis” technique was used which helps to obtain and develop a deep and integral analysis of the transcripts, through its various stages. The study sample consists of 24 participants, of which 12 are women and 12 are men. Since middle age is an important factor in the study, the participants are aged between 44 and 66 years. Through these interviews, it was concluded that the negative view of old age that, according to the interviewees, exists in the Portuguese society, is not shared by most of them. The anticipations of old age held by the interviewees are diverse, moving away, on the one hand, from the social imaginary of the fourth age (decay, dependence, receiving care) and, on the other hand, from the hegemonic model of active ageing. It is also concluded that it is mainly women who think that men's old age is different from women's old age, meaning that it is mainly women who think that old age is marked by gender. Male old age is associated with inactivity, the absence of worries, the need for financial stability and the importance of sexual activity, while female old age is associated with activity, independence, caregiving and the positive effects of menopause. We also explore the relevance of these conclusions from a sociological point of view and from a public policy point of view.
The purpose of this study is to understand how middle-aged adults view their old age and how different perspectives differ according to gender. This is a qualitative study that, through semi-structured interviews, aims to understand whether the aging process, old age and the perceptions of these individuals are different when taking a gender perspective. For the analysis of the interviews, “Framework Analysis” technique was used which helps to obtain and develop a deep and integral analysis of the transcripts, through its various stages. The study sample consists of 24 participants, of which 12 are women and 12 are men. Since middle age is an important factor in the study, the participants are aged between 44 and 66 years. Through these interviews, it was concluded that the negative view of old age that, according to the interviewees, exists in the Portuguese society, is not shared by most of them. The anticipations of old age held by the interviewees are diverse, moving away, on the one hand, from the social imaginary of the fourth age (decay, dependence, receiving care) and, on the other hand, from the hegemonic model of active ageing. It is also concluded that it is mainly women who think that men's old age is different from women's old age, meaning that it is mainly women who think that old age is marked by gender. Male old age is associated with inactivity, the absence of worries, the need for financial stability and the importance of sexual activity, while female old age is associated with activity, independence, caregiving and the positive effects of menopause. We also explore the relevance of these conclusions from a sociological point of view and from a public policy point of view.
Description
Keywords
Envelhecimento Velhice Género Perceções Estereótipos Idadismo