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Quantificação da pegada de carbono associada ao consumo de energia elétrica no município de Loulé
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Abstract(s)
A Pegada de Carbono é uma ferramenta que permite quantificar o total das emissões de carbono. Desta forma, as entidades podem conhecer as fontes das suas emissões e propor medidas de redução dessas mesmas emissões.
Neste âmbito, os objetivos do presente trabalho são calcular a Pegada de Carbono dos serviços municipais do concelho de Loulé, associada ao consumo de energia elétrica, e propor medidas de eficiência energética de modo a reduzir as emissões de CO2 calculadas e assim combater as alterações climáticas.
O método de cálculo da Pegada de Carbono (t CO2/ano) consistiu na utilização dos consumos de eletricidade (kWh/ano) e fatores de emissão associados (t CO2/kWh).
Em 2014, 2015 e 2016 contabilizaram-se 9.079,24, 11.134,88 e 4.877,00 toneladas de CO2, respetivamente, produzidas pelo consumo de energia elétrica nos serviços municipais. A iluminação pública foi o setor responsável pelas maiores emissões de CO2 nos 3 anos em estudo, representando 70,94 %, 66,86 % e 66,41 %, respetivamente em 2014, 2015 e 2016, seguindo-se os setores dos edifícios municipais com 8,35 %, 8,90 % e 9,33 %, os equipamentos de abastecimento de água com 6,72 %, 7,99 % e 8,09 %, as instalações desportivas com 6,88 %, 7,56 % e 7,64 % e os estabelecimentos escolares ativos com 3,36 %, 4,28 % e 4,10 %.
Em relação às medidas de redução do consumo elétrico, propuseram-se medidas de mudança de comportamento e medidas de eficiência energética nos setores iluminação pública, edifícios municipais e equipamentos de abastecimento de água. O resultado da aplicação destas medidas mostra que é possível reduzir a Pegada de Carbono em 2,33 % a partir de uma mudança de comportamento, 89,73 % na iluminação pública, 1,6 % no Cine-Teatro Louletano e 62 % nos equipamentos de abastecimento de água. Globalmente, isto traduzir-se-ia numa redução total de 66,95 % face à Pegada de Carbono em 2016 no município de Loulé.
Termos-chave: Pegada de Carbono; Consumo de Energia Elétrica; Eficiência Energética; Município de Loulé; Alterações Climáticas.
The Carbon Footprint is a tool that quantifies the total carbon emissions. In this way, entities can know the sources of their emissions and propose measures to reduce these emissions. In this context, the objectives of the present work are calculate the Carbon Footprint of the municipal services of Loulé municipality associated with the consumption of electric energy, and propose measures of energy efficiency to reduce the calculated CO2 emissions and, thus, combat the climate change. Carbon Footprint (t CO2/year) was calculated using the electricity consumptions (kWh/year) and associated emission factors (t CO2/kWh). In 2014, 2015 and 2016, results indicate that 9,079.24, 11,134.88 and 4,877.00 tons of CO2 were produced, respectively, due to consumption of electricity in municipal services. Public lighting was the sector responsible for the highest CO2 emissions in the 3 years under study, accounting with 70.94 %, 66.86 % and 66.41 %, respectively in 2014, 2015 and 2016, followed by the sectors of municipal buildings with 8.35 %, 8.90 % and 9.33 %, water supply equipment with 6.72 %, 7.99 % and 8.09 %, sports facilities with 6.88 %, 7.56 % and 7.64 %, and the active school buildings with 3.36 %, 4.28 % and 4.10 %. Regarding the measures to reduce electricity consumption, behavior change and energy efficiency measures were proposed in the public lighting, municipal buildings and water supply equipment sectors. The application of these measures showed that it is possible to reduce the Carbon Footprint by 2.33% due to a change in behavior, 89.73 % in public lighting, 1.6 % in the Cine-Teatro Louletano and 62 % in water supply equipment. Overall, this translates into a total reduction of 66.95 % in relation to Carbon Footprint verified in 2016 in Loulé municipality. Keywords: Carbon Footprint; Electricity Consumption; Energy Efficiency; Municipality of Loulé; Climate Change.
The Carbon Footprint is a tool that quantifies the total carbon emissions. In this way, entities can know the sources of their emissions and propose measures to reduce these emissions. In this context, the objectives of the present work are calculate the Carbon Footprint of the municipal services of Loulé municipality associated with the consumption of electric energy, and propose measures of energy efficiency to reduce the calculated CO2 emissions and, thus, combat the climate change. Carbon Footprint (t CO2/year) was calculated using the electricity consumptions (kWh/year) and associated emission factors (t CO2/kWh). In 2014, 2015 and 2016, results indicate that 9,079.24, 11,134.88 and 4,877.00 tons of CO2 were produced, respectively, due to consumption of electricity in municipal services. Public lighting was the sector responsible for the highest CO2 emissions in the 3 years under study, accounting with 70.94 %, 66.86 % and 66.41 %, respectively in 2014, 2015 and 2016, followed by the sectors of municipal buildings with 8.35 %, 8.90 % and 9.33 %, water supply equipment with 6.72 %, 7.99 % and 8.09 %, sports facilities with 6.88 %, 7.56 % and 7.64 %, and the active school buildings with 3.36 %, 4.28 % and 4.10 %. Regarding the measures to reduce electricity consumption, behavior change and energy efficiency measures were proposed in the public lighting, municipal buildings and water supply equipment sectors. The application of these measures showed that it is possible to reduce the Carbon Footprint by 2.33% due to a change in behavior, 89.73 % in public lighting, 1.6 % in the Cine-Teatro Louletano and 62 % in water supply equipment. Overall, this translates into a total reduction of 66.95 % in relation to Carbon Footprint verified in 2016 in Loulé municipality. Keywords: Carbon Footprint; Electricity Consumption; Energy Efficiency; Municipality of Loulé; Climate Change.
Description
Keywords
Pegada de carbono Consumo de energia elétrica Eficiência energética Município de Loulé Alterações climáticas