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Abordagem motivacional à exploração vocacional e à tomada de decisão de carreira
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Abstract(s)
O trabalho desenvolvido nesta tese de doutoramento assenta numa linha de investigação que
procura analisar o lugar que os processos motivacionais ocupam nas teorias e modelos
explicativos da carreira. Com base na teoria da autodeterminação, os três estudos empíricos que
compõem este trabalho procuram articular e operacionalizar variáveis motivacionais e da
carreira, com o intuito de enriquecer a discussão relativa à importância de se contemplar o
estudo da qualidade da motivação e o seu impacto na explicação dos comportamentos
vocacionais. O primeiro estudo procura alargar o trabalho de validação da escala de autonomia
para a tomada de decisão de carreira, recorrendo à técnica de análise fatorial confirmatória,
numa amostra de alunos de ensino secundário. Globalmente, os resultados revelam valores de
ajustamento sofríveis, apesar de não apresentarem problemas a nível dos pesos fatoriais e da
variância explicada e suportando a estrutura de quatro dimensões que representam os quatro
tipos de motivação propostos pelo modelo teórico. O segundo estudo testa um modelo
integrativo que explora a capacidade preditora da motivação autónoma e controlada na
indecisão de carreira, considerando os efeitos de mediação dos comportamentos de exploração
vocacional. O modelo final apresenta bons valores de ajustamento, tendo sido encontrados dois
mediadores e três efeitos indiretos significativos. Por fim, no terceiro estudo recorremos à
elaboração de agrupamentos (análise de clusters), com base em perfis motivacionais,
analisando como se diferenciam relativamente aos níveis de suporte parental percebido,
exploração vocacional e indecisão de carreira. Foram encontrados três perfis motivacionais:
alunos autodeterminados, não-autodeterminados e externamente regulados. No geral, a teoria
da autodeterminação apresenta qualidades que contribuem para o enriquecimento da explicação
das razões subjacentes ao envolvimento nas atividades relacionadas com a tomada de decisão, bem como para a organização de intervenções de carreira que têm como objetivo a internalização dos processos vocacionais.
The work developed in this doctoral thesis is based on a line of research that seeks to analyze the role that motivational processes occupy in the theories and explanatory models of career. Based on the self-determination theory, the three empirical studies that build this work seek to articulate and operationalize motivational and career variables, in order to enrich the discussion regarding the importance of contemplating the study of the quality of motivation and its impact explaining vocational behaviors. The first study seeks to expand validation of the career decision making autonomy scale, using confirmatory factor analysis techniques with a sample of high school students. Overall, results reveal poor adjustment values, despite not having problems concerning the factor weights and explained variance and supporting the fourdimension structure that represent the four types of motivation proposed by the theoretical model. The second study proposes an integrative model that explores to what extent autonomous and controlled motivation can predict career indecision, considering the mediation effects of exploration behaviors. The final model presents good adjustment values, and two mediators and three significant indirect effects were found. Finally, the third study uses cluster analysis, based on motivational profiles, and analyzes how they differentiate among the perceived parental support, exploration behaviors and career indecision levels. Three motivational profiles were found: self-determined, non-self-determined and externally regulated students. In summary, the self-determination theory presents qualities that contribute to enrich the explanation of the reasons underlying the involvement in decision-making activities, as well as to the organization of career interventions that aim to the internalization of vocational processes.
The work developed in this doctoral thesis is based on a line of research that seeks to analyze the role that motivational processes occupy in the theories and explanatory models of career. Based on the self-determination theory, the three empirical studies that build this work seek to articulate and operationalize motivational and career variables, in order to enrich the discussion regarding the importance of contemplating the study of the quality of motivation and its impact explaining vocational behaviors. The first study seeks to expand validation of the career decision making autonomy scale, using confirmatory factor analysis techniques with a sample of high school students. Overall, results reveal poor adjustment values, despite not having problems concerning the factor weights and explained variance and supporting the fourdimension structure that represent the four types of motivation proposed by the theoretical model. The second study proposes an integrative model that explores to what extent autonomous and controlled motivation can predict career indecision, considering the mediation effects of exploration behaviors. The final model presents good adjustment values, and two mediators and three significant indirect effects were found. Finally, the third study uses cluster analysis, based on motivational profiles, and analyzes how they differentiate among the perceived parental support, exploration behaviors and career indecision levels. Three motivational profiles were found: self-determined, non-self-determined and externally regulated students. In summary, the self-determination theory presents qualities that contribute to enrich the explanation of the reasons underlying the involvement in decision-making activities, as well as to the organization of career interventions that aim to the internalization of vocational processes.
Description
Keywords
Teoria da autodeterminação Exploração vocacional Indecisão de carreira Escala de autonomia para a tomada de decisão de carreira Análise de equações estruturais Análise de clusters