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Microalgal extracts induce larval programming and modify growth and the immune response to bioactive treatments and LCDV in Senegalese sole post-larvae

2020-11Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorCarballo, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorMateus, Ana
dc.contributor.authorMaya, Claudia
dc.contributor.authorMantecon, Lalia
dc.contributor.authorPower, Deborah
dc.contributor.authorManchado, Manuel
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-24T11:35:08Z
dc.date.available2021-06-24T11:35:08Z
dc.date.issued2020-11
dc.description.abstractImmunostimulants are key molecules in aquaculture since they heighten defensive responses and protection against pathogens. The present study investigated the treatment of Senegalese sole larvae with a whole-cell crude extract of the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana (Nanno) and programming of growth and the immune system. Larvae at hatch were treated with the Nanno extracts for 2 h and thereafter were cultivated for 32 days posthatch (dph) in parallel with an untreated control group (CN). Dry weight and length at 21 days post-hatch (dph) were higher in post-larvae of the Nanno than CN group. These differences in weight were later confirmed at 32 dph. To evaluate changes in the immune response associated with Nanno-programming treatments, the Nanno and CN post-larvae were supplied with two bioactive compounds yeast beta-glucan (Y) and a microalga extract from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (MAe). The bioactive treatments were administrated to the treatment groups through the live prey (artemia metanauplii, 200 artemia mL(-1)) enriched for 30 min with MAe or Y (at 2 mg mL(-1) SW) or untreated prey in the case of the negative control (SW). The effect of the treatments was assessed by monitoring gene expression, enzyme activity and mortality over 48 h. The postlarvae sole supplied with the bioactive compounds Y and MAe had increased mortality at 48 h compared to the SW group. Moreover, mortality was higher in Nanno-programmed than CN post-larvae. Lysozyme and total antiprotease enzymatic activities at 6 and 24 h after the start of the trial were significantly higher in the Nanno and MAe supplied post-larvae compared to their corresponding control (CN and SW, respectively). Immune gene transcripts revealed that il1b, cxc10 and mx mRNAs were significantly different between Nanno and CN postlarvae at 6 and 24 h. Moreover, the expression of il1b, tnfa, cxc10, irf3, irf7 and mx was modified by bioactive treatments but with temporal differences. At 48 h after bioactive treatments, Y and SW post-larvae were challenged with the lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). No difference existed in viral copy number between programming or bioactive treatment groups at 3, 6 and 24 h after LCDV challenge although the total number of copies reduced with time. Gene expression profiles in the LCDV-challenged group indicated that post-larvae triggered a wide defensive response compared to SWC 24 h after challenge, which was modulated by programming and bioactive compound treatments. Cluster analysis of expressed genes separated the SW and Y groups indicating long-lasting effects of yeast beta-glucan treatment in larvae. A noteworthy interaction between Nanno-programming and Y-treatment on the regulation of antiviral genes was observed. Overall, the data demonstrate the capacity of microalgal crude extracts to modify sole larval plasticity with long-term effects on larval growth and the immune responses.
dc.description.sponsorshipIFAPA project from MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE [RTA2017-00054-C03-01]
dc.description.sponsorshipCCMAR program from the Foundation for Science and Technology (Portugal) [UIDB/04326/2020]
dc.description.sponsorshipOperational programme CRESC Algarve 2020
dc.description.sponsorshipoperational programme COMPETE 2020 [EMBRC.PT ALG-01-0145-FEDER-022121]
dc.description.sponsorshipInstituto de Investigacion Agropecuaria (INIA)
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.020
dc.identifier.issn1050-4648
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/16353
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationDevelopment of Microalgae-based novel high added-value products for the Cosmetic and Aquaculture industry
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectBeta-glucans
dc.subjectImmune response
dc.subjectLCDV
dc.subjectMicroalgae
dc.subjectProgramming
dc.subjectSenegalese sole
dc.subjectVirus
dc.subject.otherFisheries
dc.titleMicroalgal extracts induce larval programming and modify growth and the immune response to bioactive treatments and LCDV in Senegalese sole post-larvae
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleDevelopment of Microalgae-based novel high added-value products for the Cosmetic and Aquaculture industry
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/691102/EU
oaire.citation.endPage272
oaire.citation.startPage263
oaire.citation.titleFish & Shellfish Immunology
oaire.citation.volume106
oaire.fundingStreamH2020
person.familyNameMateus
person.familyNamePower
person.givenNameAna Patrícia
person.givenNameDeborah Mary
person.identifier.ciencia-id2816-E389-626E
person.identifier.ciencia-id891A-8A44-3CAE
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2045-1047
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1366-0246
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7101806760
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100008530
project.funder.nameEuropean Commission
rcaap.rightsopenAccess
rcaap.typearticle
relation.isAuthorOfPublication74cac9a6-f4f8-438b-a60e-a2b4d3312102
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationc68f5ffb-63f6-4c70-8957-29e464fb59c0
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery74cac9a6-f4f8-438b-a60e-a2b4d3312102
relation.isProjectOfPublication2488473c-6599-4873-9885-7638817cc0d5
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2488473c-6599-4873-9885-7638817cc0d5

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