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Análise relativa da humidade disponível à superfície no concelho de Lagoa por deteção remota multiespectral - projeto
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| 19.94 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A água é fundamental para sustentar a vida na Terra, sendo usada para consumo, produção de alimentos, atividades industriais e outros. Este recurso vital está sob pressão de uma população crescente, distribuição desigual de recursos e impactos das mudanças climáticas, estando a agricultura entre os setores mais vulneráveis. A utilização das novas tecnologias aliadas à investigação científica, poderão ajudar a desenvolver metodologias de observação e monitorização, que ajudem a evitar o desperdício do valioso recurso hídrico.
O projeto desenvolvido teve essencialmente por objeto a recolha, processamento e análise de imagens de radar do satélite Sentinel-1 (SAR), que permitam visualizar mensalmente a evolução da humidade relativa do solo, tanto nas margens de enchente de bacias hidrográficas como em campos agrícolas, assim como o efeito da alteração do coberto vegetal, em particular após grandes incêndios, no período entre fevereiro 2016 e fevereiro 2019.
A área de estudo centrou-se no Concelho de Lagoa, abrangendo ainda parte da bacia hidrográfica do rio Arade e algumas zonas em redor, de modo a ser possível observar e analisar os diversos fenómenos que pudessem surgir, decorrentes do processamento dos dados.
Na ausência de uma estratégia de processamento consensual, foi necessário adotar uma desenhada com base em conceitos teóricos, após sendo avaliada a coerência dos resultados.
Com a análise pretendeu-se avaliar a sensibilidade do sistema SAR, em relação à água e a humidade. Para isso foi dado enfoque à prática dos agricultores do Concelho de Lagoa, no que respeita ao uso da água nas culturas de arroz, nas diferentes épocas do ano, observando também a suscetibilidade do sistema quanto à variação no nível de água das albufeiras, o efeito das marés e após grandes incêndios. Para apresentação dos resultados, foi desenvolvido um sistema de Websig, com ferramentas 100% código aberto, como Postgresql, Postgis, Geoserver, Node.js e OpenLayers3.
Water is essential to sustain life on Earth, used for consumption, food production, industrial activities and others. This vital resource is under pressure from a growing population, unequal distribution of resources and impacts of climate change, with agriculture being among the most vulnerable sectors. The use of new technologies combined with scientific research, may help to develop methodologies for observation and monitoring, which help to avoid wasting valuable water resources. The project developed is essentially aimed at the collection, processing and analysis of radar images from the Sentinel-1 satellite (SAR), which allow the visualization of the evolution of the relative moister of the soil on a monthly basis, at the margins of hydrographic basins and in agricultural fields, as well as the effect of changing the vegetation cover, particularly after major fires, in the period between February 2016 and February 2019. The study area focused on the Municipality of Lagoa, also covering part of the hydrographic basin of the Arade River and some surrounding areas, in order to be able to observe and analyze the various phenomena that could arise, resulting from the data processing. In the absence of a consensual processing strategy, it was necessary to adopt a design based on theoretical concepts, after evaluating the coherence of the results. The analysis was intended to evaluate the sensitivity of the SAR system, in relation to water and moisture. To this end, a focus was given to the practice of farmers in the Municipality of Lagoa, with regard to the use of water in rice crops, at different times of the year, also observing the susceptibility of the system to the variation of the water level of reservoirs, the effect of the tides and after big fires. To present the results, a Websig system was developed, with 100% open source tools, such as Postgresql, Postgis, Geoserver, Node.js and OpenLayers3.
Water is essential to sustain life on Earth, used for consumption, food production, industrial activities and others. This vital resource is under pressure from a growing population, unequal distribution of resources and impacts of climate change, with agriculture being among the most vulnerable sectors. The use of new technologies combined with scientific research, may help to develop methodologies for observation and monitoring, which help to avoid wasting valuable water resources. The project developed is essentially aimed at the collection, processing and analysis of radar images from the Sentinel-1 satellite (SAR), which allow the visualization of the evolution of the relative moister of the soil on a monthly basis, at the margins of hydrographic basins and in agricultural fields, as well as the effect of changing the vegetation cover, particularly after major fires, in the period between February 2016 and February 2019. The study area focused on the Municipality of Lagoa, also covering part of the hydrographic basin of the Arade River and some surrounding areas, in order to be able to observe and analyze the various phenomena that could arise, resulting from the data processing. In the absence of a consensual processing strategy, it was necessary to adopt a design based on theoretical concepts, after evaluating the coherence of the results. The analysis was intended to evaluate the sensitivity of the SAR system, in relation to water and moisture. To this end, a focus was given to the practice of farmers in the Municipality of Lagoa, with regard to the use of water in rice crops, at different times of the year, also observing the susceptibility of the system to the variation of the water level of reservoirs, the effect of the tides and after big fires. To present the results, a Websig system was developed, with 100% open source tools, such as Postgresql, Postgis, Geoserver, Node.js and OpenLayers3.
Description
Keywords
Deteção remota Radar de abertura sintética SAR SNAP Websig