Browsing by Author "Diniz, Mariana"
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- Acerca do processo de neolitização no actual território português: modelos em debatePublication . Diniz, MarianaPretende-se com este texto apresentar um modelo de neolitização para o actual território português que, integrando componentes das leituras difusionista e indigenista, procura discutir os diferentes papéis desempenhados por “colonos” e “indígenas” ao longo deste processo. Este modelo de neolitização por Fusão Diferencial foi criado como uma proposta alternativa aos modelos disponíveis na bibliografia arqueológica que não explanam a totalidade das características da evidência empírica, e construído a partir da reflexão suscitada pelos dados recolhidos no povoado do Neolítico antigo da Valada do Mato, Évora, onde a presença, sobre uma matriz cultural neolítica, de elementos de tradição mesolítica, apontava para uma miscigenação de realidades indígenas e exógenas na constituição deste sistema cultural.
- Para a história das mulheres na pré-história: em torno de alguns atributos do discursoPublication . Diniz, MarianaOs estudos sobre o papel e o lugar das mulheres na Pré-História1, como ramo da gender archaeology, constituem, na essência, um fenómeno da pós-modernidade2 e pretendem, ao re-escrever a história a partir de outro ângulo, ou mais especificamente de outro género, incluir novas alíneas na agenda, construir outros passados e dar voz a grupos, ou sub-grupos, não contemplados no discurso historiográfico oficial. A arqueologia do género emerge, portanto, como uma fórmula de denuncia do androcentrismo e dos “gender bias” que dominam a escrita sobre o Passado, proclama a necessidade de criar outros textos à luz de novos paradigmas, e procura identificar, e ultrapassar, os recorrentes preconceitos que organizam a produção do saber, no Ocidente contemporâneo.
- The curious case of the Mesolithic Iberian dogs: An archaeogenetic studyPublication . Pires, Ana Elisabete; Detry, Cleia; Chikhi, Lounes; Rasteiro, Rita; Amorim, Isabel R.; Simoes, Fernanda; Matos, Jose; Petrucci-Fonseca, Francisco; Ollivier, Morgane; Hanni, Catherine; Cardoso, João CR; Arias, Pablo; Diniz, Mariana; Araujo, Ana Cristina; Bicho, Nuno Gonçalo Viana Pereira Ferreira; Sousa, Ana Catarina; Moreno-Garcia, Marta; Arruda, Ana Margarida; Fernandez-Rodriguez, Carlos; Porfirio, Eduardo; Arnaud, Jose Morais; Valente, Alexandra; Goncalves, David; Alves, Lara; Gotherstrom, Anders; Davis, Simon J. M.; Ginja, CatarinaWe investigated the genetic composition of six Canis remains from western Iberia, directly radiocarbon dated to 7,903-7,570 years (cal BP). They were identified as dogs via their archaeological and depositional context, osteometry, and a high percentage of aquatic diet shared with humans. For comparison, genetic data were obtained from an additional 37 Iberian dog remains from the Neolithic to Late Antiquity, as well as two Palaeolithic and a Chalcolithic Canis identified as wolves. Previous data indicated that dog mtDNA haplogroup A (HgA) is prevalent in extant European dogs ( > 50%), in the Near East and Asia, but rare or absent ( < 10%) in European Canis older than 3,000 years (cal BP). We found a high frequency (83%) of dog HgA in Mesolithic Iberian dog remains. This is the first report of a high frequency of dog HgA in pre-Neolithic Europe. We show that, contrary to the current view, Canis with HgA did not necessarily arrive in Europe from East-Asia. This phylogeographical difference in HgA frequency demonstrates that genetic differentiation was high prior to, or as a consequence of, domestication which may be linked with pre-Neolithic local processes for Iberian wolf domestication. Our results emphasize that knowledge of both ancient wolves' and early dogs' genetic profiles from the European periphery should improve our understanding of the evolution of the European dog.
- The role of climate, marine influence and sedimentation rates in late-Holocene estuarine evolution (SW Portugal)Publication . Costa, Ana Maria; Freitas, Maria da Conceicao; Leira, Manel; Costas, S.; Costa, Pedro J. M.; Andrade, Cesar; Bao, Roberto; Duarte, Joao; Rodrigues, Aurora; Cachao, Mario; Araujo, Ana Cristina; Diniz, Mariana; Arias, PabloEstuaries are sensitive to changes in global to regional sea level, to climate-driven variation in rainfall and to fluvial discharge. In this study, we use source and environmentally sensitive proxies together with radiocarbon dating to examine a 7-m-thick sedimentary record from the Sado estuary accumulated throughout the last 3.6 kyr. The lithofacies, geochemistry and diatom assemblages in the sediments accumulated between 3570 and 3240 cal. BP indicate a mixture between terrestrial and marine sources. The relative contribution of each source varied through time as sedimentation progressed in a low intertidal to high subtidal and low-energy accreting tidal flat. The sedimentation proceeded under a general pattern of drier and higher aridity conditions, punctuated by century-long changes of the rainfall regime that mirror an increase in storminess that affected SW Portugal and Europe. The sediment sequence contains evidence of two periods characterized by downstream displacement of the estuarine/freshwater transitional boundary, dated to 3570-3400 cal. BP and 3300-3240 cal. BP. These are intercalated by one episode where marine influence shifted upstream. All sedimentation episodes developed under high terrestrial sediment delivery to this transitional region, leading to exceptionally high sedimentation rates, independently of the relative expression of terrestrial/marine influences in sediment facies. Our data show that these disturbances are mainly climate-driven and related to variations in rainfall and only secondarily with regional sea-level oscillations. From 3240 cal. BP onwards, an abrupt change in sediment facies is noted, in which the silting estuarine bottom reaches mean sea level and continued accreting until present under prevailing freshwater conditions, the tidal flat changing to an alluvial plain. The environmental modification is accompanied by a pronounced change in sedimentation rate that decreased by two orders of magnitude, reflecting the loss of accommodation space rather than the influence of climate or regional sea-level drivers.