Browsing by Author "Lovelock, Catherine E."
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- Climate effects on belowground tea litter decomposition depend on ecosystem and organic matter types in global wetlands.Publication . Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey M.; Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian; Malerba, Martino; Macreadie, Peter I.; Djukic, Ika; Zhao, Junbin; Young, Erica B.; York, Paul H.; Yeh, Shin-Cheng; Xiong, Yanmei; Winters, Gidon; Whitlock, Danielle; Weaver, Carolyn A.; Watson, Anne; Visby, Inger; Tylkowski, Jacek; Trethowan, Allison; Tiegs, Scott; Taylor, Ben; Szpikowski, Jozef; Szpikowska, Grażyna; Strickland, Victoria L.; Stivrins, Normunds; Sousa, Ana I.; Sinutok, Sutinee; Scheffel, Whitney A.; Santos, Rui; Sanderman, Jonathan; Sánchez-Carrillo, Salvador; Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert; Rymer, Krzysztof G.; Ruiz-Fernandez, Ana Carolina; Robroek, Bjorn J. M.; Roberts, Tessa; Ricart, Aurora M.; Reynolds, Laura K.; Rachlewicz, Grzegorz; Prathep, Anchana; Pinsonneault, Andrew J.; Pendall, Elise; Payne, Richard; Ozola, Ilze; Onufrock, Cody; Ola, Anne; Oberbauer, Steven F.; Numbere, Aroloye O.; Novak, Alyssa B.; Norkko, Joanna; Norkko, Alf; Mozdzer, Thomas J.; Morgan, Pam; Montemayor, Diana I.; Martin, Charles W.; Malone, Sparkle L.; Major, Maciej; Majewski, Mikołaj; Lundquist, Carolyn J.; Lovelock, Catherine E.; Liu, Songlin; Lin, Hsing-Juh; Lillebo, Ana; Li, Jinquan; Kominoski, John S.; Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad; Kelleway, Jeffrey J.; Jinks, Kristin I.; Jerónimo, Daniel; Janousek, Christopher; Jackson, Emma L.; Iribarne, Oscar; Hanley, Torrance; Hamid, Maroof; Gupta, Arjun; Guariento, Rafael D.; Grudzinska, Ieva; da Rocha Gripp, Anderson; González Sagrario, María A.; Garrison, Laura M.; Gagnon, Karine; Gacia, Esperança; Fusi, Marco; Farrington, Lachlan; Farmer, Jenny; Esteves, Francisco de Assis; Escapa, Mauricio; Domańska, Monika; Dias, André T. C.; Barrena de los Santos, Carmen; Daffonchio, Daniele; Czyryca, Paweł M.; Connolly, Rod M.; Cobb, Alexander; Chudzińska, Maria; Christiaen, Bart; Chifflard, Peter; Castelar, Sara; Carneiro, Luciana S.; Cardoso-Mohedano, José Gilberto; Camden, Megan; Caliman, Adriano; Bulmer, Richard H.; Bowen, Jennifer; Boström, Christoffer; Bernal, Susana; Berges, John A.; Benavides, Juan C.; Barry, Savanna C.; Alatalo, Juha M.; Al-Haj, Alia N.; Adame, Maria FernandaPatchy global data on belowground litter decomposition dynamics limit our capacity to discern the drivers of carbon preservation and storage across inland and coastal wetlands. We performed a global, multiyear study in over 180 wetlands across 28 countries and 8 macroclimates using standardized litter as measures of "recalcitrant" (rooibos tea) and "labile" (green tea) organic matter (OM) decomposition. Freshwater wetlands and tidal marshes had the highest tea mass remaining, indicating a greater potential for carbon preservation in these ecosystems. Recalcitrant OM decomposition increased with elevated temperatures throughout the decay period, e.g., increase from 10 to 20 °C corresponded to a 1.46-fold increase in the recalcitrant OM decay rate constant. The effect of elevated temperature on labile OM breakdown was ecosystem-dependent, with tidally influenced wetlands showing limited effects of temperature compared with freshwater wetlands. Based on climatic projections, by 2050 wetland decay constants will increase by 1.8% for labile and 3.1% for recalcitrant OM. Our study highlights the potential for reduction in belowground OM in coastal and inland wetlands under increased warming, but the extent and direction of this effect at a large scale is dependent on ecosystem and OM characteristics. Understanding local versus global drivers is necessary to resolve ecosystem influences on carbon preservation in wetlands.
- Decreasing carbonate load of seagrass leaves with increasing latitudePublication . Mazarrasa, Ines; Marba, Nuria; Krause-Jensen, Dorte; Kennedy, Hilary; Santos, Rui; Lovelock, Catherine E.; Duarte, Carlos M.Seagrass meadows play a significant role in the formation of carbonate sediments, serving as a substrate for carbonate-producing epiphyte communities. The magnitude of the epiphyte load depends on plant structural and physiological parameters, related to the time available for epiphyte colonization. Yet, the carbonate accumulation is likely to also depend on the carbonate saturation state of seawater (Omega) that tends to decrease as latitude increases due to decreasing temperature and salinity. A decrease in carbonate accumulation with increasing latitude has already been demonstrated for other carbonate producing communities. The aim of this study was to assess whether there was any correlation between latitude and the epiphyte carbonate load and net carbonate production rate on seagrass leaves. Shoots from 8 different meadows of the Zostera genus distributed across a broad latitudinal range (27 degrees S to up to 64 degrees N) were sampled along with measurements of temperature and Omega. The Omega within meadows significantly decreased as latitude increased and temperature decreased. The mean carbonate content and load on seagrass leaves ranged from 17% DW to 36% DW and 0.4-2.3 mg CO3 cm(-2), respectively, and the associated mean carbonate net production rate varied from 0.007 to 0.9 mg CO3 cm(-2) d(-1). Mean carbonate load and net production rates decreased from subtropical and tropical, warmer regions towards subpolar latitudes, consistent with the decrease in Omega. These results point to a latitudinal variation in the contribution of seagrass to the accumulation of carbonates in their sediments which affect important processes occurring in seagrass meadows, such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration and sediment accretion.
- Ecosystem type drives tea litter decomposition and associated prokaryotic microbiome communities in freshwater and coastal wetlands at a continental scalePublication . Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey M.; Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian; Engelen, Aschwin; York, Paul H.; Ola, Anne; Li, Jinquan; Kelleway, Jeffrey J.; Jinks, Kristin I.; Jackson, Emma L.; Adame, Maria Fernanda; Pendall, Elise; Lovelock, Catherine E.; Connolly, Rod M.; Watson, Anne; Visby, Inger; Trethowan, Allison; Taylor, Ben; Roberts, Tessa N.B.; Petch, Jane; Farrington, Lachlan; Djukic, Ika; Macreadie, Peter I.Wetland ecosystems are critical to the regulation of the global carbon cycle, and there is a high demand for data to improve carbon sequestration and emission models and predictions. Decomposition of plant litter is an important component of ecosystem carbon cycling, yet a lack of knowledge on decay rates in wetlands is an impediment to predicting carbon preservation. Here, we aim to fill this knowledge gap by quantifying the decomposition of standardised green and rooibos tea litter over one year within freshwater and coastal wetland soils across four climates in Australia. We also captured changes in the prokaryotic members of the tea-associated microbiome during this process. Ecosystem type drove differences in tea decay rates and prokaryotic microbiome community composition. Decomposition rates were up to 2-fold higher in mangrove and seagrass soils compared to freshwater wetlands and tidal marshes, in part due to greater leaching-related mass loss. For tidal marshes and freshwater wetlands, the warmer climates had 7-16% less mass remaining compared to temperate climates after a year of decomposition. The prokaryotic microbiome community composition was significantly different between substrate types and sampling times within and across ecosystem types. Microbial indicator analyses suggested putative metabolic pathways common across ecosystems were used to breakdown the tea litter, including increased presence of putative methylotrophs and sulphur oxidisers linked to the introduction of oxygen by root in-growth over the incubation period. Structural equation modelling analyses further highlighted the importance of incubation time on tea decomposition and prokaryotic microbiome community succession, particularly for rooibos tea that experienced a greater proportion of mass loss between three and twelve months compared to green tea. These results provide insights into ecosystem-level attributes that affect both the abiotic and biotic controls of belowground wetland carbon turnover at a continental scale, while also highlighting new decay dynamics for tea litter decomposing under longer incubations.
- Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshesPublication . Maxwell, Tania L.; Rovai, André S.; Adame, Maria Fernanda; Adams, Janine B.; Álvarez-Rogel, José; Austin, William E. N.; Beasy, Kim; Boscutti, Francesco; Böttcher, Michael E.; Bouma, Tjeerd J.; Bulmer, Richard H.; Burden, Annette; Burke, Shannon A.; Camacho, Saritta; Chaudhary, Doongar R.; Chmura, Gail L.; Copertino, Margareth; Cott, Grace M.; Craft, Christopher; Day, John; de los Santos, Carmen B.; Denis, Lionel; Ding, Weixin; Ellison, Joanna C.; Ewers Lewis, Carolyn J.; Giani, Luise; Gispert, Maria; Gontharet, Swanne; González-Pérez, José A.; González-Alcaraz, M. Nazaret; Gorham, Connor; Graversen, Anna Elizabeth L.; Grey, Anthony; Guerra, Roberta; He, Qiang; Holmquist, James R.; Jones, Alice R.; Juanes, José A.; Kelleher, Brian P.; Kohfeld, Karen E.; Krause-Jensen, Dorte; Lafratta, Anna; Lavery, Paul S.; Laws, Edward A.; Leiva-Dueñas, Carmen; Loh, Pei Sun; Lovelock, Catherine E.; Lundquist, Carolyn J.; Macreadie, Peter I.; Mazarrasa, Inés; Megonigal, J. Patrick; Neto, Joao M.; Nogueira, Juliana; Osland, Michael J.; Pagès, Jordi F.; Perera, Nipuni; Pfeiffer, Eva-Maria; Pollmann, Thomas; Raw, Jacqueline L.; Recio, María; Ruiz-Fernández, Ana Carolina; Russell, Sophie K.; Rybczyk, John M.; Sammul, Marek; Sanders, Christian; Santos, Rui; Serrano, Oscar; Siewert, Matthias; Smeaton, Craig; Song, Zhaoliang; Trasar-Cepeda, Carmen; Twilley, Robert R.; Van de Broek, Marijn; Vitti, Stefano; Antisari, Livia Vittori; Voltz, Baptiste; Wails, Christy N.; Ward, Raymond D.; Ward, Melissa; Wolfe, Jaxine; Yang, Renmin; Zubrzycki, Sebastian; Landis, Emily; Smart, Lindsey; Spalding, Mark; Worthington, Thomas A.Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, restoration, and valuation of these ecosystems. We collated a global dataset of tidal marsh soil organic carbon (MarSOC) from 99 studies that includes location, soil depth, site name, dry bulk density, SOC, and/or soil organic matter (SOM). The MarSOC dataset includes 17,454 data points from 2,329 unique locations, and 29 countries. We generated a general transfer function for the conversion of SOM to SOC. Using this data we estimated a median (+/- median absolute deviation) value of 79.2 +/- 38.1 Mg SOC ha-1 in the top 30 cm and 231 +/- 134 Mg SOC ha-1 in the top 1 m of tidal marsh soils globally. This data can serve as a basis for future work, and may contribute to incorporation of tidal marsh ecosystems into climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and policies.
- The future of Blue Carbon sciencePublication . Macreadie, Peter I.; Anton, Andrea; Raven, John A.; Beaumont, Nicola; Connolly, Rod M.; Friess, Daniel A.; Kelleway, Jeffrey J.; Kennedy, Hilary; Kuwae, Tomohiro; Lavery, Paul S.; Lovelock, Catherine E.; Smale, Dan A.; Apostolaki, Eugenia T.; Atwood, Trisha B.; Baldock, Jeff; Bianchi, Thomas S.; Chmura, Gail L.; Eyre, Bradley D.; Fourqurean, James W.; Hall-Spencer, Jason; Huxham, Mark; Hendriks, Iris; Krause-Jensen, Dorte; Laffoley, Dan; Luisetti, Tiziana; Marbà, Núria; Masque, Pere; McGlathery, Karen J.; Megonigal, J. Patrick; Murdiyarso, Daniel; Russell, Bayden D.; Santos, Rui; Serrano, Oscar; Silliman, Brian R.; Watanabe, Kenta; Duarte, Carlos M.The term Blue Carbon (BC) was first coined a decade ago to describe the disproportionately large contribution of coastal vegetated ecosystems to global carbon sequestration. The role of BC in climate change mitigation and adaptation has now reached international prominence. To help prioritise future research, we assembled leading experts in the field to agree upon the top-ten pending questions in BC science. Understanding how climate change affects carbon accumulation in mature BC ecosystems and during their restoration was a high priority. Controversial questions included the role of carbonate and macroalgae in BC cycling, and the degree to which greenhouse gases are released following disturbance of BC ecosystems. Scientists seek improved precision of the extent of BC ecosystems; techniques to determine BC provenance; understanding of the factors that influence sequestration in BC ecosystems, with the corresponding value of BC; and the management actions that are effective in enhancing this value. Overall this overview provides a comprehensive road map for the coming decades on future research in BC science.